ATI RN
ATI Med Surg Exam 9 Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is caring for a child who has a suspected diagnosis of bacterial meningitis. Which of the following actions is the nurse's priority?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Administering antibiotics is the priority for bacterial meningitis to prevent complications and death. Other actions are supportive but not as urgent.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is performing a focused assessment for vision on a client suspected of having vision loss. Which cranial nerve is the nurse assessing when determining if there are visual field or visual acuity deficits?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Cranial Nerve II, the optic nerve, is responsible for transmitting visual information from the retina to the brain, affecting visual field and acuity. Cranial Nerve VIII is for hearing and balance, Cranial Nerve I is for smell, and Cranial Nerve VII is for facial expressions and taste, none of which affect vision.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse reviewing a client's chart reads that the client was observed having a complex partial seizure with automatisms of the face. What does the nurse understand this to mean?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Complex partial seizures involve focal brain activity with impaired awareness, and automatisms like lip-smacking are involuntary facial movements (
Choice
D). Losing bladder control is typical of generalized tonic-clonic seizures (
Choice
A). Fixed, dilated eyes are not specific to complex partial seizures (
Choice
B). Involuntary groaning is less characteristic than facial automatisms (
Choice
C).
Question 4 of 5
The physician suspects a client has a dermatological infection. Which of the following diagnostics will be ordered to observe color changes to the skin using an ultraviolet light source?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Culture is not a diagnostic test that uses an ultraviolet light source, but a laboratory test that involves growing microorganisms from a sample of body fluid or tissue. Culture can help identify the type and sensitivity of the infection-causing agent. KOH is not a diagnostic test that uses an ultraviolet light source, but a chemical test that involves applying potassium hydroxide to a sample of skin, hair, or nail. KOH can help diagnose fungal infections by dissolving the keratin and revealing the fungal elements under a microscope. Diascopy is not a diagnostic test that uses an ultraviolet light source, but a physical test that involves applying pressure to a lesion with a glass slide or lens. Diascopy can help differentiate between blanchable and non-blanchable lesions, such as erythema or petechiae. Wood's is a diagnostic test that uses an ultraviolet light source, also known as a Wood's lamp or black light. Wood's can help observe color changes to the skin that are not visible under normal light, such as fluorescence or hypopigmentation. Wood's can help diagnose conditions such as tinea capitis, vitiligo, or erythrasma.
Question 5 of 5
A client diagnosed with Barrett's esophagus asks how he developed this. Which of the following responses by the nurse is most accurate?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: This is the correct answer because gastroesophageal reflux disorder (GER
D) is the most common risk factor for developing Barrett's esophagus. GERD causes stomach acid to flow back into the esophagus, leading to inflammation and cellular changes over time, resulting in Barrett's esophagus.