ATI RN
ATI Med Surg Exam 9 Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is assessing a client who is brought to the emergency room with burn injuries. Which of the following findings should the nurse identify as a deep partial-thickness burn?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Deep partial-thickness burns involve the epidermis and most of the dermis, presenting as pink with blisters and severe pain.
Question 2 of 5
A client returns to the clinic for follow-up treatment after a skin biopsy of a suspicious lesion performed 1 week ago. The biopsy report indicates that the lesion is a melanoma. The nurse understands that melanoma has which characteristics? (Select all that apply.)
Correct Answer: A,B,D
Rationale: Melanomas are asymmetrical, dark brown or black, have a high risk of metastasis, and are often in sun-exposed areas due to UV damage. Warm, red skin suggests inflammation, and pain is uncommon unless the lesion is ulcerated.
Question 3 of 5
A client is brought to the emergency department with partial-thickness burns to his face, neck, arms, and chest after trying to put out a car fire. The nurse should implement which nursing actions for this client?
Correct Answer: B,E,F
Rationale: Administering oxygen helps prevent hypoxia due to potential airway damage. Assessing the airway is critical to detect swelling or inhalation injury. Applying ice reduces pain and swelling but must be used cautiously to avoid tissue damage.
Question 4 of 5
A client arrives to the clinic after spending the day at the beach. She reports extreme pain and the nurse observes red skin on her face and upper body. There are no blisters present. What degree of burn has the client suffered?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: First degree burns affect only the epidermis, causing redness and pain without blisters, as described. Second degree burns cause blisters, third degree burns destroy all skin layers, and the burn can be classified based on the symptoms.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse in an emergency department is caring for a client who has burns on the front and back of both his legs and arms. Using the rule of nines, the nurse should document burns to which percentage of the client's total body surface area (TBSA)?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Using the rule of nines, each arm is 9% and each leg is 18% of TBSA, with front and back equally divided. Burns on both sides of both arms (2 × 9%) and legs (2 × 18%) total 36% TBSA (
Choice
A). 54% is incorrect, as it overestimates by adding arms and legs incorrectly (
Choice
B). 27% and 18% underestimate the total burn area (
Choices C,
D). Note: The document contains an error suggesting 54%, but the correct calculation, as explained, is 36%.