ATI RN
ATI Med Surg Exam 9 Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A nurse in an emergency department is caring for a client who has burns on the front and back of both his legs and arms. Using the rule of nines, the nurse should document burns to which percentage of the client's total body surface area (TBSA)?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Using the rule of nines, each arm is 9% and each leg is 18% of TBSA, with front and back equally divided. Burns on both sides of both arms (2 × 9%) and legs (2 × 18%) total 36% TBSA (
Choice
A). 54% is incorrect, as it overestimates by adding arms and legs incorrectly (
Choice
B). 27% and 18% underestimate the total burn area (
Choices C,
D). Note: The document contains an error suggesting 54%, but the correct calculation, as explained, is 36%.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse provides education to a client recently diagnosed with macular degeneration. Which of the following statements made by the client requires reinforcement of education by the nurse?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The statement about vision being restored with eye drops is incorrect, as eye drops do not treat macular degeneration or restore vision. This chronic condition causes progressive vision loss, and treatments like injections may only slow progression.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is creating an education plan for a client who has diverticulosis. The nurse should plan to include which of the following in the client education?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Increasing dietary fiber softens stool and reduces colon pressure, improving diverticulosis and preventing complications (
Choice
D). Red meat, high in fat and low in fiber, can worsen constipation and increase colon pressure (
Choice
A). Decreasing fluid intake risks dehydration and constipation, worsening the condition (
Choice
B). Pureed soft foods, low in fiber, can increase constipation and colon pressure (
Choice
C).
Question 4 of 5
The nurse is monitoring a client admitted to the hospital with a diagnosis of appendicitis. The client reports a sudden increase in abdominal pain and begins to vomit. On assessment, the nurse notes that the abdomen is distended and bowel sounds are diminished. Which is the best first action the nurse should take?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Notifying the healthcare provider is critical as these symptoms suggest a perforated appendix, a life-threatening condition requiring immediate intervention.
Question 5 of 5
A client diagnosed with cholecystitis reports right upper quadrant pain that radiates to the right shoulder. Which of the following interventions are the priority for the nurse to implement?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Assessing the pain level is the priority intervention for a client with cholecystitis. Pain is the most common symptom and can indicate the severity and complications of the condition. The nurse should use a numeric or descriptive scale to assess pain and monitor changes in location, intensity, and duration.