ATI RN
ATI RN Pediatrics 2023 Questions
Extract:
5-year-old child following a tonsillectomy and adenoidectomy
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is caring for a 5-year-old child following a tonsillectomy and adenoidectomy. Which of the following findings should the nurse identify as an indication of hemorrhage?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Continuous swallowing. Following a tonsillectomy and adenoidectomy, continuous swallowing can indicate hemorrhage as the child may be experiencing blood trickling down the throat. This sign is crucial to identify early to prevent further complications.
A: Heart rate of 54/min is below normal but not necessarily indicative of hemorrhage.
B: Flushing of the face is not a specific sign of hemorrhage.
D: Blood pressure of 95/56 mm Hg is within normal range for a 5-year-old child and not a direct sign of hemorrhage.
Extract:
Toddlers
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is reviewing safety measures with a group of parents to prevent burn injuries for toddlers. Which of the following safety measures should the nurse include in the teaching?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Keep electrical wires hidden from view. This is important to prevent toddlers from tampering with electrical devices, reducing the risk of burns from electrical sources. Hidden wires eliminate the temptation for children to play with them, avoiding potential electrocution or burns.
Other choices are incorrect because:
A: Setting the water heater to 60°C (140°F) can scald a child if the temperature is too high.
C: Turning pot handles towards the front of the stove can still be within a child's reach, leading to accidental spills and burns.
D: Encouraging outdoor activities between specific hours does not directly relate to preventing burn injuries.
Extract:
Child with varicella
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is planning care for a child who has varicella. Which of the following interventions should the nurse plan to include?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Initiate airborne precautions. Varicella, also known as chickenpox, is highly contagious and spreads through the air by respiratory droplets. Initiating airborne precautions, such as wearing a mask and isolating the child in a negative pressure room, helps prevent the spread of the virus to others. Administering aspirin for fever (choice
A) is contraindicated in varicella due to the risk of Reye's syndrome. Providing a warm blanket (choice
B) is not a priority intervention for varicella. Assessing the oral cavity for Koplik spots (choice
D) is associated with measles, not varicella.
Extract:
Preschool-age child in the immediate postoperative period following a tonsillectomy
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is assessing a preschool-age child who is in the immediate postoperative period following a tonsillectomy. Which of the following assessment findings is the priority?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: The child swallows frequently. This is the priority assessment finding because it could indicate postoperative bleeding, a potentially life-threatening complication after a tonsillectomy. Swallowing frequently may suggest blood pooling in the throat, leading to the need for prompt intervention to prevent further complications. Crying often (
A), refusing clear liquids (
B), and increased throat pain (
C) are common postoperative symptoms that can be managed with appropriate interventions.
Therefore, they are not as urgent as the possibility of postoperative bleeding indicated by frequent swallowing.
Extract:
4-year-old child
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is preparing to assess a 4-year-old child's visual acuity. Which of the following actions should the nurse plan to take?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Use a tumbling E chart for the assessment. This is because a tumbling E chart is commonly used for visual acuity testing in young children who may not be able to identify letters or symbols. The E chart consists of E shapes facing in different directions, and the child is asked to point in the direction the E is facing. This allows for a more accurate assessment of visual acuity in young children compared to traditional letter charts.
Other choices are incorrect:
B: Assess both eyes together first, then each eye separately - This approach may not provide an accurate assessment of each eye's visual acuity individually.
C: Position the child 4.6 meters (15 feet) from the chart - This distance is typically used for adult visual acuity testing, not for children.
D: Test the child without glasses before testing with glasses - It is important to test the child's visual acuity with their usual correction to ensure an accurate assessment.