ATI RN
ATI RN Pediatrics 2023 Questions
Extract:
Adolescent with an NG tube
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is preparing to administer an enteral feeding to an adolescent who has an NG tube. Which of the following actions should the nurse take first?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Check the pH of the gastric secretions. This is the first action the nurse should take to ensure proper placement of the NG tube in the stomach. Checking the pH helps confirm that the tube is in the stomach and not in the lungs or esophagus, reducing the risk of aspiration. It is a critical safety measure before administering enteral feeding.
Incorrect choices:
B: Attaching the feeding bag tubing - This should come after verifying tube placement to prevent complications.
C: Flushing the tube - Flushing can be done after verifying tube placement and before feeding.
D: Setting the administration rate - This should only be done after the tube placement is confirmed to avoid complications.
Extract:
Child with sickle cell anemia
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is caring for a child who has sickle cell anemia. Which of the following findings is the priority for the nurse to report to the provider?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Facial twitching. This finding is a priority to report because it could indicate a neurological complication such as a stroke or seizure, which can be life-threatening in a child with sickle cell anemia. Facial twitching may be a sign of inadequate oxygen delivery to the brain due to sickle cell crisis. Kyphosis (
B) is a spinal curvature issue, enuresis (
C) is bedwetting, and constipation (
D) are common in children with sickle cell anemia but not as urgent as potential neurological issues represented by facial twitching.
Extract:
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is providing teaching about injury prevention to the parents of a toddler. Which of the following safety measures should the nurse include in the teaching?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Check clothing for loose buttons. This safety measure is important to prevent choking hazards for the toddler. Loose buttons can easily come off and pose a risk of being swallowed. This action promotes safe clothing practices, reducing the risk of accidental ingestion.
Other choices are incorrect:
A: Providing balloons for play can be dangerous as they pose a choking hazard.
B: Adjusting the water heater temperature to 54° C is too low and can lead to bacterial growth in the water.
C: Placing screens on windows is important for preventing falls but not directly related to injury prevention from clothing hazards.
Extract:
Child presents to the emergency department (ED). Guardians report the child woke up coughing with a low-grade fever. Child appears alert and restless in guardian's arms. Respirations easy, no cough noted. 0800: Child became agitated. Hoarse cry noted with audible inspiratory stridor. Barking, non-productive cough present. Vital Signs 0730: Tympanic temperature 38.1° C (100.6° F), Heart rate 95/min, Respiratory rate 20/min, Oxygen saturation 98% on room air. 0800: Tympanic temperature 38.2° C (101° F), Heart rate 112/min, Respiratory rate 24/min, Oxygen saturation 96% on room air
Question 4 of 5
For each of the following findings, click to specify if the finding is consistent with acute laryngotracheobronchitis or pneumonia.
| Findings | Acute laryngotracheobronchitis | pneumonia |
|---|---|---|
| Temperature | ||
| Stridor | ||
| Irritability | ||
| Cough findings at 0800 |
Correct Answer: A: Both, B: Acute laryngotracheobronchitis, C: Both, D: Acute laryngotracheobronchitis
Rationale:
To determine which findings are consistent with acute laryngotracheobronchitis or pneumonia, we need to consider the typical symptoms associated with each condition.
- A: Temperature is associated with both conditions, as fever is a common symptom in both acute laryngotracheobronchitis and pneumonia.
- B: Stridor is more commonly seen in acute laryngotracheobronchitis due to upper airway inflammation and narrowing.
- C: Irritability can be present in both conditions, as respiratory distress can cause irritability in children.
- D: Cough findings at 0800 typically indicate acute laryngotracheobronchitis, as cough is a defining symptom of this condition.
Therefore, the correct answer is A: Both, B: Acute laryngotracheobronchitis, C: Both, D: Acute laryngotracheobronchitis. Other choices are incorrect as they do not
Extract:
School-age child with heart failure
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is caring for a school-age child who has heart failure. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect? Select all that apply.
Correct Answer: A,B,D
Rationale: The correct findings for a child with heart failure are tachycardia (increased heart rate), dyspnea (difficulty breathing), and cyanosis (bluish discoloration of the skin). Tachycardia occurs due to the heart's inability to pump effectively, causing it to beat faster to compensate. Dyspnea results from fluid buildup in the lungs due to the heart's inability to adequately pump blood. Cyanosis is a sign of poor oxygenation in the blood. Weight loss, bounding peripheral pulses, and other choices are typically not expected findings in a child with heart failure. Weight gain due to fluid retention, weak or thready pulses, and other signs of poor perfusion would be more indicative of heart failure.