ATI RN
ATI Medical Surgical Exam 1 Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is assessing a client with suspected appendicitis. Which finding supports this diagnosis?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Pain at McBurney's point is a hallmark sign of appendicitis.
Question 2 of 5
A client with pancreatitis reports severe pain. Which position may provide relief?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Side-lying with knees flexed reduces tension on the pancreas, easing pain.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is caring crees for a client who has a transection of the spinal cord at the level of cervical 7. Which of the following assessment findings should the nurse anticipate?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: A complete spinal cord transection at C7 results in total loss of sensory and motor function below the injury level, making no sensation or movement the expected finding. Partial movement or sensation would indicate an incomplete injury, which is not consistent with a transection.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is assessing a client who has acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). Which of the following findings should the nurse expect?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: ARDS causes alveolar inflammation and damage, leading to stiff lungs and decreased pulmonary compliance, impairing lung expansion. Hypoxemia in ARDS results from V/Q mismatch and shunting, not dead space. Shunting does not directly impair CO2 elimination, and V/Q mismatch does not typically decrease pulmonary arterial pressure.
Question 5 of 5
Which of the following are risk factors for head injuries in older adults? (Select all that apply.)
Correct Answer: A,C,D,E
Rationale: Decreased visual acuity contributes to falls due to poor depth perception and reduced peripheral vision. Polypharmacy increases fall risk through sedative or psychotropic medication effects. Weakness and frailty are age-related changes that heighten fall risk. Chronic hypertension can cause orthostatic hypotension or cerebrovascular issues like strokes, leading to falls. Motor vehicle crashes are less common in older adults, and previous military experience is not a common risk factor for fall-related head injuries.