ATI RN
ATI RN Pharmacology 2023 V Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is assessing a client who is taking phenelzine and reports eating aged cheese. Which of the following is a manifestation of an interaction between the medication and the food?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Hypertension. Phenelzine is a monoamine oxidase inhibitor (MAOI) that can interact with tyramine in aged cheese, leading to hypertensive crisis. Tyramine can displace norepinephrine, causing a sudden increase in blood pressure. Diarrhea (
A) and somnolence (
B) are not commonly associated with this interaction. Bradycardia (
D) is more commonly associated with other medications like beta-blockers.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is planning to administer a prefilled syringe of enoxaparin to a client. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale:
Correct Answer: C - Administer the medication into the anterolateral or posterolateral abdominal area.
Rationale:
1. Enoxaparin is a low molecular weight heparin that is typically administered subcutaneously.
2. The anterolateral and posterolateral abdominal areas are recommended sites for subcutaneous injections due to the presence of a thick layer of adipose tissue and minimal risk of hitting blood vessels or nerves.
3. These areas have a larger surface area, which allows for better absorption and reduces the risk of tissue damage.
4. By selecting these specific areas, the nurse ensures proper administration and absorption of the medication.
Summary:
A: Massaging the injection site can cause bruising or tissue damage and is not recommended after administering enoxaparin.
B: Holding the skin taut is not necessary and may cause discomfort to the client during injection.
D: Expelling air bubbles is important to prevent air embolism but is not specific to the administration
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is teaching a client who has a new prescription for nitroglycerin sublingual tablets for treating angina. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include in the teaching?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Place the tablet under the tongue until dissolved. This instruction is correct because nitroglycerin sublingual tablets are meant to be absorbed under the tongue for rapid relief of angina symptoms. Placing the tablet under the tongue allows for quick absorption into the bloodstream.
Choice A is incorrect because taking a tablet every 10 minutes is not recommended and can lead to overdose.
Choice C is incorrect because nitroglycerin tablets should be stored in the original container at room temperature, not in the refrigerator.
Choice D is incorrect because calling 911 after 30 minutes is too long; the patient should seek immediate help if pain persists after 5 minutes of taking a tablet.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who has a gonococcal infection and has been prescribed an IM injection of ceftriaxone. The client refuses the medication because they are afraid of needles. Which of the following responses should the nurse make?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct response is C: "We will discuss other treatment options with your provider." This response is appropriate because it acknowledges the client's fear of needles and shows a willingness to explore alternative treatment options. It promotes open communication and collaboration between the nurse, client, and healthcare provider.
Option A is incorrect because it uses a threatening approach, which may further discourage the client from receiving treatment. Option B is incorrect as it dismisses the client's fear as insignificant and may come across as insensitive. Option D is incorrect as it presents a false ultimatum and does not address the client's concerns.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who has received propofol during a colonoscopy. The nurse should monitor for which of the following as an adverse effect of the medication?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Decrease in respiratory rate. Propofol is a sedative-hypnotic medication that can cause respiratory depression as a common adverse effect. It works by depressing the central nervous system, leading to a decrease in respiratory rate. Monitoring the client's respiratory rate is crucial to ensure adequate oxygenation.
Incorrect choices:
B: Increase in bowel function - Propofol does not affect bowel function.
C: Decrease in body temperature - Propofol may cause hypotension but not a decrease in body temperature.
D: Increase in heart rate - Propofol typically causes a decrease in heart rate due to its sedative effects, not an increase.