ATI RN
ATI RN Pharmacology 2023 V Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is preparing to titrate a continuous nitroprusside infusion for a client. The nurse should plan to titrate the infusion according to which of the following assessments?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Blood pressure. When titrating a nitroprusside infusion, monitoring blood pressure is crucial as nitroprusside is a potent vasodilator that can cause significant hypotension. The goal is to maintain a specific blood pressure range to ensure adequate perfusion to vital organs without causing hypotension or hypertension. Monitoring urine output (
A), stroke volume (
B), and cardiac output (
D) may provide valuable information, but blood pressure is the most direct indicator of the drug's effect on the cardiovascular system. It is essential to titrate the infusion based on blood pressure changes to prevent adverse effects and ensure optimal patient outcomes.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who is taking digoxin to treat heart failure. Which of the following factors predisposes this client to developing digoxin toxicity?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Taking a high-ceiling diuretic. High-ceiling diuretics, like furosemide, can lead to hypokalemia, which increases the risk of digoxin toxicity. Hypokalemia enhances the toxic effects of digoxin on the heart by increasing its binding and potentiating its action. Additionally, low potassium levels can predispose the client to cardiac dysrhythmias, which are a common manifestation of digoxin toxicity.
Choices A, B, and D do not directly increase the risk of digoxin toxicity. A HMG CoA reductase inhibitor, prolapsed mitral valve, and COPD do not have a direct pharmacological interaction with digoxin that predisposes the client to toxicity.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is assessing a client who has a prescription for cefaclor. Which of the following findings should the nurse recognize as an indication of an allergic reaction?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Pruritus. Pruritus, or itching, is a common symptom of an allergic reaction to medications like cefaclor. It is caused by the release of histamine in response to the allergen. Hematuria (
A) is blood in the urine, not typically associated with allergic reactions. Tremor (
B) and slurred speech (
D) are neurological symptoms, not typical of allergic reactions.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is taking a medication history from a client who has a new prescription for levothyroxine. The nurse should instruct the client to wait 4 hr after taking levothyroxine before taking which of the following supplements?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Calcium. Levothyroxine absorption can be affected by calcium supplements, so the client should wait at least 4 hours after taking levothyroxine before taking calcium. Calcium can bind to levothyroxine in the gastrointestinal tract, reducing its absorption and effectiveness. Ginkgo biloba (
Choice
A), Zinc (
Choice
B), and Vitamin C (
Choice
D) do not interact significantly with levothyroxine absorption, so there is no need to wait before taking them.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is administering 4 mg of hydromorphone to a client by mouth every 4 hr. The medication is provided as hydromorphone 8 mg per tablet. Which of the following actions is appropriate for the nurse to take?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Dispose of the remaining medication while another nurse observes. This is the appropriate action because hydromorphone is a controlled substance, and it is crucial to follow proper disposal protocols to prevent misuse or diversion. By disposing of the remaining medication while another nurse observes, it ensures accountability and adherence to safety guidelines.
Choice A is incorrect because returning the medication to the pharmacy could lead to potential errors or misuse.
Choice C is incorrect as storing half a pill in the automated system could violate medication storage regulations.
Choice D is incorrect because placing a partial pill in a unit-dose package may not be allowed and could lead to dosing errors.