ATI RN
ATI Nur 221 Med Surg Exam Cardiac Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is assessing a client who has obstructive sleep apnea. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Headache is correct. Clients with obstructive sleep apnea often experience morning headaches due to intermittent hypoxia and hypercapnia caused by repeated episodes of airway obstruction during sleep. Hypotension is incorrect. Obstructive sleep apnea is more commonly associated with hypertension rather than hypotension due to the body's stress response to low oxygen levels. Constipation is not a common symptom of obstructive sleep apnea. Gastrointestinal symptoms are not typically associated with this condition. Nausea is not a characteristic finding in obstructive sleep apnea. The primary symptoms involve respiratory and neurological effects due to oxygen deprivation during sleep.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is collecting a medication history from a client who is scheduled to have a cardiac catheterization. Which of the following medications taken by the client interacts with contrast material and places the client at risk for acute kidney injury?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Metformin is correct. The combination of iodinated contrast dye and metformin increases the risk of contrast-induced nephropathy and lactic acidosis, especially in clients with kidney dysfunction. Nitroglycerin, atorvastatin, and carvedilol do not interact significantly with contrast dye.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is assessing a client who has obstructive sleep apnea. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Headache is correct. Clients with obstructive sleep apnea often experience morning headaches due to intermittent hypoxia and hypercapnia caused by repeated episodes of airway obstruction during sleep. Hypotension is incorrect. Obstructive sleep apnea is more commonly associated with hypertension rather than hypotension due to the body's stress response to low oxygen levels. Constipation is not a common symptom of obstructive sleep apnea. Gastrointestinal symptoms are not typically associated with this condition. Nausea is not a characteristic finding in obstructive sleep apnea. The primary symptoms involve respiratory and neurological effects due to oxygen deprivation during sleep.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is giving a presentation at a community center about chronic bronchitis. Which of the following information should the nurse include as effective for preventing this disorder?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Smoking cessation is the most effective measure for preventing chronic bronchitis, which is strongly linked to long-term cigarette smoking. Influenza immunization, exercise, and weight maintenance are beneficial but not primary preventive measures.
Question 5 of 5
Which diagnostic test may be prescribed to evaluate for the presence of a pulmonary embolism?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: D-Dimer is correct. It detects fibrin degradation products, which are elevated in the presence of a blood clot, making it a useful screening test for pulmonary embolism. Stress testing, ECG, and pulmonary function testing are not specific for diagnosing pulmonary embolism.