ATI RN
ATI Nur 221 Med Surg Exam Cardiac Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
The emergency room nurse is assessing a client with jugular venous distention, ascites, shortness of breath, and a 3-pound weight gain in the past 24 hours. Which of the following would the nurse anticipate being ordered?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Brain Natriuretic Peptide (BNP) is correct. BNP is a key diagnostic marker for heart failure, indicating increased cardiac filling pressures and volume overload, which match the client's symptoms of jugular venous distention, ascites, shortness of breath, and weight gain. Pulmonary function tests, Alpha-1 antitrypsin, and Doppler ultrasound do not directly assess heart failure.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse in an emergency department is planning care for a client who is having an acute myocardial infarction (MI). The nurse should plan to administer which of the following medications after the initial acute phase to manage the client's pain and anxiety?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Morphine is administered after the initial acute phase to manage pain and anxiety, reducing myocardial oxygen demand and stress. Nitroglycerin, aspirin, and oxygen are used in the acute phase but not primarily for pain and anxiety post-acute phase.
Question 3 of 5
Why are small, frequent meals recommended for patients with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD)?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Small, frequent meals reduce abdominal distention and diaphragm pressure, preventing dyspnea. Caloric intake, social interaction, and balanced diet are secondary considerations.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who has a pulmonary embolism and has a new order for enoxaparin 1.5 mg/kg/dose to be administered subcutaneously every 12 hours. The client weighs 176 pounds. How many mg should the nurse administer per dose? (Round to the nearest whole number)
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is 120 mg. Convert 176 pounds to kilograms (176 / 2.2 = 80 kg). Calculate the dose: 80 kg × 1.5 mg/kg = 120 mg. This matches the provided correct answer, so option C (120 mg) is correct.
Question 5 of 5
The client is being discharged with a prescription of prednisone. Which of the following is not a common side effect for this corticosteroid?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Weight loss is not a common side effect of prednisone. Instead, prednisone often causes weight gain due to fluid retention and increased appetite. Dry mouth, hyperglycemia, and decreased wound healing are known side effects.