ATI RN
ATI Nur 221 Med Surg Exam Cardiac Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A client with a history of heart failure on daily weights has a 2-pound weight gain and pitting edema in bilateral lower extremities. Which action should the nurse take next?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Performing a head-to-toe assessment, including vital signs, is correct. A 2-pound weight gain and edema suggest fluid retention, requiring assessment for worsening heart failure symptoms like crackles or respiratory distress. Encouraging fluid intake, monitoring without action, or checking code status are not immediate priorities.
Question 2 of 5
The nurse is to administer heparin to a client who weighs 90 pounds. Heparin is ordered as 10,000 units/100mL. The nurse needs to administer a bolus of 40units/kg. How many units would the nurse administer? (Round to the nearest tenth)
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is 1636.4 units. Convert 90 pounds to kilograms (90 / 2.2 = 40.91 kg). Calculate the dose: 40.91 kg × 40 units/kg = 1636.4 units. This matches the provided correct answer, so option C (1636.4 units) is correct.
Question 3 of 5
The nurse is caring for a client status/post a Myocardial Infarction who is questioning procedures utilized for treatment. Which of the following statements correctly explains a Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting (CABG)?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: CABG involves using a healthy artery or vein to bypass the blocked portion of a coronary artery, restoring blood flow. Balloon inflation, clot-dissolving medication, and dye injection describe other procedures (angioplasty, thrombolytics, angiogram).
Question 4 of 5
Which diagnostic test may be prescribed to evaluate for the presence of a pulmonary embolism?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: D-Dimer is correct. It detects fibrin degradation products, which are elevated in the presence of a blood clot, making it a useful screening test for pulmonary embolism. Stress testing, ECG, and pulmonary function testing are not specific for diagnosing pulmonary embolism.
Question 5 of 5
What is the underlying rationale for why a nurse assesses a client with emphysema for clinical indicators of hypoxia?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Lack of adequate surface area for aeration is correct. Emphysema causes alveolar destruction, reducing gas exchange surface area, leading to chronic hypoxia. Mucus production, infections, and bronchiole inflammation are more relevant to chronic bronchitis or other conditions.