ATI RN
ATI Medical Surgical 2 Final 2024 Assessment Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is assessing a client who has fluid overload. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect? (Select all that apply.)
Correct Answer: B,C,E
Rationale: Fluid overload causes increased respiratory rate, blood pressure, and heart rate due to pulmonary edema and increased blood volume.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is reviewing the BUN and creatinine levels of an older adult client who has chronic kidney disease. The nurse should expect which of the following findings?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Elevated BUN (45 mg/dL) and creatinine (8 mg/dL) indicate impaired kidney function in CKD, as the kidneys fail to filter these waste products. Normal or low values (choices A, C,
D) are not typical for CKD, where accumulation of urea and creatinine is expected.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse in a clinic is reviewing the laboratory values of a client who has primary hypothyroidism. The nurse should anticipate an elevation of which of the following laboratory values?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: In primary hypothyroidism, the thyroid gland is underactive and does not produce sufficient thyroid hormones, including Free T4.
Therefore, we would not expect an elevation of Free T4 in primary hypothyroidism; instead, its levels would typically be low or normal. Thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) levels are elevated in primary hypothyroidism because the pituitary gland releases more TSH in an attempt to stimulate the thyroid gland to produce more thyroid hormones. This is a compensatory response to the low levels of circulating thyroid hormones, particularly thyroxine (T4). Serum T3 levels may be low or normal in primary hypothyroidism. T3 is the active form of thyroid hormone and is usually converted from T4. If T4 levels are low, T3 levels may also be affected; however, T3 levels are not the primary diagnostic marker for hypothyroidism and do not typically show elevation in this condition. Serum T4 levels are typically low in primary hypothyroidism because the thyroid gland is not producing enough of this hormone. An elevation of serum T4 would not be expected unless the patient is receiving treatment for hypothyroidism.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is teaching a client who is scheduled for a colposcopy tomorrow. Which of the following statements should the nurse include in the teaching?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: A biopsy may be performed during a colposcopy if abnormal areas are seen, a key teaching point.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client immediately following a hemodialysis treatment. For which of the following manifestations will the nurse administer a PRN dose of phenytoin?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Phenytoin is an antiepileptic drug used to treat and prevent seizures. Headache and restlessness could be signs of neurological irritation or an impending seizure, which phenytoin can help manage.