ATI RN
ATI Medical Surgical 2 Final 2024 Assessment Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is formulating a teaching plan about herpes zoster for a group of older adults at a community center. The nurse should include which of the following information in the plan?
Correct Answer: A,B,C
Rationale:
Choice A: Herpes zoster lesions are indeed contagious if they are draining. The virus can spread through direct contact with the fluid from the blisters. It is crucial to cover the lesions to prevent spreading the virus to others, especially to those who have never had chickenpox or the vaccine.
Choice B: The development of vesicles, which are small fluid-filled blisters, is a hallmark of herpes zoster. These vesicles typically appear in a band-like pattern on one side of the body and are often accompanied by pain, itching, or tingling before they are visible.
Choice C: Postherpetic neuralgia is a condition where the pain persists in the area of the herpes zoster rash even after the lesions have healed. This can last for weeks, months, or even years and is more common in older adults.
Choice D: Herpes zoster itself is not spread like chickenpox. It occurs when the varicella-zoster virus, which has been lying dormant in the nerve cells, reactivates. While it is possible for someone who has never had chickenpox to develop chickenpox after direct contact with a shingles rash, herpes zoster is not 'easily spread' to others in the same way that chickenpox is.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is providing teaching about dietary supplements to a client who has erectile dysfunction and has been prescribed nitroglycerin. Which of the following statements is the most important for the nurse to include in the teaching?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Dietary supplements can interact with nitroglycerin, causing dangerous hypotension, making this the most critical teaching point. Other statements are valid but less urgent.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is providing breast self-examination teaching to a client who is menopausal. Which of the following statements should the nurse identify as an indication that the teaching was effective? (Select all that apply.)
Correct Answer: A,B,C,E
Rationale:
Choice A: This statement is correct because the underarm area (axilla) contains lymph nodes that can be affected by breast cancer. Including the underarm area in a breast self-exam helps in detecting any unusual lumps or changes that could indicate a problem.
Choice B: This statement is correct because using firm pressure during a breast self-exam helps to feel the deeper tissues of the breast, which is essential for detecting any abnormalities or lumps that might be present.
Choice C: This statement is correct because performing a breast self-exam in the shower is a common and effective method. The wet and slippery skin makes it easier to feel for any changes or lumps in the breast tissue.
Choice D: This statement is incorrect because it is normal to feel a firm ridge in the lower curve of the breast. This ridge is part of the normal breast anatomy and does not necessarily indicate a problem.
Choice E: This statement is correct because menopausal women do not have menstrual cycles to guide the timing of their breast self-exams.
Therefore, they can choose any consistent day each month to perform the exam.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse in an emergency room is caring for a client who sustained partial-thickness burns to both lower legs, chest, face, and both forearms. Which of the following is the priority action the nurse should take?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Inspecting the mouth for inhalation injuries is critical due to potential airway compromise from burns to the face and chest.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who has a history of exposure to TB and symptoms of night sweats and hemoptysis. Which of the following tests should the nurse realize is the most reliable to confirm the diagnosis of active pulmonary TB?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: A sputum culture for acid-fast bacillus is the gold standard for confirming active pulmonary TB, providing definitive diagnosis.