ATI RN
ATI Medical Surgical 2 Final 2024 Assessment Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is reviewing the BUN and creatinine levels of an older adult client who has chronic kidney disease. The nurse should expect which of the following findings?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Elevated BUN (45 mg/dL) and creatinine (8 mg/dL) indicate impaired kidney function in CKD, as the kidneys fail to filter these waste products. Normal or low values (choices A, C,
D) are not typical for CKD, where accumulation of urea and creatinine is expected.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is teaching a client who has hepatitis A about preventing the transmission of the virus. Which of the following strategies should the nurse include in the teaching?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Effective hand hygiene is critical to prevent hepatitis A transmission, which occurs via the fecal-oral route. Avoiding raw foods or fast food restaurants is less relevant unless contaminated during handling. Barrier protection is not necessary, as hepatitis A is not typically sexually transmitted.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who has fibrocystic breasts. The client asks the nurse, 'What will happen to my fibrocystic breast changes after menopause?' Which of the following statements is an appropriate response by the nurse?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The most appropriate response is that the manifestations usually go away after menopause. Fibrocystic breast changes are linked to hormonal fluctuations, and after menopause, when these fluctuations cease, the symptoms of fibrocystic breasts typically resolve.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who has a severe gangrenous infection of the right lower extremity. The nurse should plan preoperative teaching based on the possibility of which of the following amputation procedures?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Phantom pain is a real phenomenon with physiological underpinnings, not merely psychological, and should be included in preoperative teaching to prepare the patient. Tingling sensations or expectations of pain disappearing soon are not accurate, and pain may not gradually lessen as phantom limb pain can be intense.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is developing a plan of care to prevent skin breakdown for a client with a spinal cord injury and paralysis. Which of the following nursing actions are appropriate? (Select all that apply.)
Correct Answer: B,C
Rationale: Minimizing moisture and elevating heels prevent skin breakdown; massaging red areas, 4-hour turning, and powder use are inappropriate.