ATI RN
ATI Nurs 180 Pharmacology Quiz II Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A client diagnosed with strep throat requires antibiotics for treatment. With an allergy to penicillin, the nurse understands which medication should be avoided due to cross-sensitivity with penicillin medications?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Cephalosporins have a beta-lactam structure similar to penicillins, which can cause cross-reactivity in clients with a penicillin allergy, though the risk is lower with newer generations. Macrolides (e.g., azithromycin) are often used as alternatives for penicillin-allergic patients. Antiretrovirals and antimalarials are unrelated to penicillin and do not pose cross-sensitivity risks.
Question 2 of 5
A client recently diagnosed with Iron deficiency Anemia is prescribed Ferrous Sulfate daily. Which of the following statements below is true regarding iron therapy?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Liquid ferrous sulfate can stain teeth, so using a straw prevents discoloration. Iron is better absorbed on an empty stomach or with vitamin C, not at night specifically. Antacids and milk (containing calcium) reduce iron absorption.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who has chronic renal disease and is receiving therapy with epoetin alfa. Which of the following laboratory results would the nurse assess for to determine therapeutic effectiveness?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Epoetin alfa stimulates red blood cell production, increasing hemoglobin and hematocrit levels, which are monitored to assess effectiveness in treating anemia associated with chronic renal disease. Clotting factors, leukocyte count, and liver function tests (ALT & AST) are not directly affected by epoetin alfa.
Question 4 of 5
A client with a leukemia has been placed on methotrexate. Which of the following mechanism of actions below describes this medication?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Methotrexate is an antimetabolite that inhibits dihydrofolate reductase, an enzyme involved in folic acid synthesis, impairing DNA synthesis critical for rapidly dividing cells like those in leukemia. It does not stop fungal growth, alter pH levels, or specifically inhibit helper T cells (a mechanism associated with immunosuppressive drugs like cyclosporine).
Question 5 of 5
The nurse is administering an estrogen blocker to a client diagnosed with advanced breast cancer. Which of the following side effects will the nurse caution the client regarding?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Estrogen blockers like tamoxifen increase the risk of thromboembolic events (e.g., deep vein thrombosis, pulmonary embolism) due to altered clotting mechanisms. Tendon rupture, phlebitis, and lymphomas are not typical side effects.