ATI RN
ATI Nurs 180 Pharmacology Quiz II Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
The charge nurse is performing an Inservice regarding the adverse effects of antibiotic therapy. Which of the following antibiotics should the nurse include regarding the potential to cause QT prolongation?
Correct Answer: A,C
Rationale: Fluoroquinolones (e.g., ciprofloxacin, levofloxacin) and macrolides (e.g., azithromycin, erythromycin) are known to prolong the QT interval, increasing the risk of arrhythmias like
Torsades de Pointes. Penicillins, beta-lactams (which include penicillins and cephalosporins), and cephalosporins are not typically associated with QT prolongation.
Question 2 of 5
A client exposed to anthrax has presented to the healthcare setting. Which of the following medications below is the treatment for this biological exposure?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Ciprofloxacin, a fluoroquinolone, is the recommended first-line antibiotic for treating anthrax exposure due to its efficacy against Bacillus anthracis, the bacteria causing anthrax. Amoxicillin/clavulanate is a broad-spectrum antibiotic but not preferred for anthrax. Nystatin is an antifungal and ineffective against bacterial infections. Tamoxifen is used for breast cancer and has no role in treating anthrax.
Question 3 of 5
A client with a leukemia has been placed on methotrexate. Which of the following mechanism of actions below describes this medication?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Methotrexate is an antimetabolite that inhibits dihydrofolate reductase, an enzyme involved in folic acid synthesis, impairing DNA synthesis critical for rapidly dividing cells like those in leukemia. It does not stop fungal growth, alter pH levels, or specifically inhibit helper T cells (a mechanism associated with immunosuppressive drugs like cyclosporine).
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who recently traveled to a malaria-stricken country. The client is diagnosed with malaria and is prescribed chloroquine (Aralen). Which of the following adverse effects should the nurse educate the client regarding this medication?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Chloroquine is associated with retinal toxicity, which can cause vision changes or damage, necessitating regular eye exams. It is not linked to tumors, pancytopenia, or cancer.
Extract:
Physical examination
Vital signs
1400:
Client reports a recent episode of painful sores on the perineum, and muscle aches and chills for about 2 weeks. Client reports having unprotected sexual encounters. Client denies dysuria and reports mild vaginal itching.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is providing an Inservice to newly graduated nurses. Which of the following vaccines would the nurse label as 'live vaccines' and should be avoided by immunocompromised clients?
| Measles |
| Inactivated Polio |
| Mumps |
| Varicella |
| Rubella |
Correct Answer: A,C,D,E
Rationale: Live-attenuated vaccines (measles, mumps, rubella, varicella) contain weakened viruses and are contraindicated in immunocompromised clients due to infection risk. Inactivated polio vaccine uses killed virus, making it safe for immunocompromised individuals.