ATI RN
ATI Medical Surgical Nursing Final Exam Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A 30-year-old female patient presents with symptoms of dysuria, urgency, and frequency. A urinalysis is performed. Which of the following findings would most likely confirm a diagnosis of a urinary tract infection (UTI)?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Nitrites are commonly found in the urine of patients with UTIs due to bacterial conversion of urinary nitrates to nitrites, a hallmark finding of a UTI.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client with manifestations of status asthmaticus. Which of the following factors play a role in creating circulatory surge of inflammatory cells and cytokines in this condition? (Select All that Apply.)
Correct Answer: A,B,D,E
Rationale: Mast cells, T lymphocytes, inflammation, and epithelial cells contribute to the inflammatory surge in status asthmaticus.
Question 3 of 5
A 65-year-old adult patient weighing 80 kg is prescribed a continuous heparin infusion. The order is for 18 units/kg/hour. The pharmacy supplies heparin in a concentration of 25,000 units/500 mL. Determine the total units of heparin the patient should receive per hour.
Correct Answer: 1440 units
Rationale: The patient should receive 1440 units of heparin per hour, calculated as 80 kg × 18 units/kg/hour.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who has multiple sclerosis and is experiencing progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy (PML). Which of the following medications should the nurse recognize is associated with the development of PML?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Natalizumab is an immunosuppressant used for multiple sclerosis and has been linked to the development of PML.
Question 5 of 5
A 40-year-old patient is admitted with sharp, pleuritic chest pain and dyspnea. The nurse observes jugular venous distension and muffled heart sounds on examination. What is the most appropriate initial nursing action for this patient?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Administering oxygen is the most appropriate initial action to address potential life-threatening conditions like cardiac tamponade or pulmonary embolism.