ATI RN
ATI Medical Surgical Nursing Final Exam Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A 25-year-old patient with a history of asthma presents to the emergency department with severe shortness of breath, wheezing, and accessory muscle use. Despite initial treatment with albuterol and oxygen, the patient's condition has not improved. Which of the following is the most appropriate next step in the management of this patient's asthma exacerbation?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Intravenous magnesium sulfate is often used in severe asthma exacerbations to help relax the muscles around the airways.
Question 2 of 5
A 55-year-old patient with newly diagnosed Type II Diabetes Mellitus is being educated on lifestyle modifications to manage their condition. Which of the following dietary recommendations would be most effective in controlling their blood glucose levels?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Increasing high-fiber foods like vegetables and whole grains helps regulate blood glucose by slowing digestion and improving insulin sensitivity.
Question 3 of 5
A patient has been admitted with dehydration and is prescribed IV fluids and medications. Over a 12-hour shift, the following intake and output data are recorded: Intake: 1,000 mL of lactated Ringer's administered via IV over 8 hours. 250 mL of an antibiotic infusion. The patient drank 3 cups of water (1 cup = 240 mL). Output: Urine output was 1,200 mL. The patient vomited 300 mL. Wound drainage amounted to 150 mL. Calculate the net fluid balance.
Correct Answer: 320 mL
Rationale: The net fluid balance is +320 mL, calculated as total intake (1,970 mL) minus total output (1,650 mL).
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is assessing a client who has diarrhea. Which of the following findings is a manifestation of hypokalemia?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Muscle weakness is a classic sign of hypokalemia because potassium is essential for proper muscle function, and low levels can impair contraction.
Question 5 of 5
A 55-year-old patient with rheumatoid arthritis is being evaluated for disease progression. Which of the following laboratory findings is most indicative of increased disease activity?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Elevated C-reactive protein (CRP) levels are a direct marker of inflammation, indicating increased disease activity in rheumatoid arthritis.