ATI RN
ATI RN Pharmacology Proctored Exam Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is assessing a client who is receiving a peripheral IV infusion and notes infiltration of fluid into the tissue surrounding the insertion site. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale:
Correct Answer: C - Elevate the extremity
Rationale: Elevating the extremity helps to reduce swelling and minimize the spread of the infiltrated fluid. By elevating the limb, gravity assists in draining the excess fluid back into the circulation, preventing further tissue damage.
Incorrect
Choices:
A: Flushing the IV catheter would not address the issue of fluid infiltration into the tissue.
B: Applying pressure may further damage the tissue and is not recommended.
D: Slowing the infusion rate does not address the existing infiltration and may not prevent further complications.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is reviewing the laboratory data of a client prior to administering IV tobramycin. Which of the following laboratory values should the nurse report to the provider?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Creatinine 2.5 mg/dL. Elevated creatinine levels indicate potential kidney dysfunction, which is crucial when administering tobramycin as it is excreted through the kidneys. High levels can lead to toxicity. Sodium, Hct, and Hgb levels are within normal range and not directly relevant to tobramycin administration. Reporting creatinine ensures safe dosing.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is assessing a client following the administration of ondansetron (Zofran). Which of the following findings should indicate to the nurse that the ondansetron has been effective?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Client reports a decrease in nausea. Ondansetron is an antiemetic medication commonly used to treat nausea and vomiting.
Therefore, a decrease in nausea would indicate that the medication has been effective in managing the client's symptoms.
Incorrect answers:
A: Client reports a decrease in pain - Ondansetron is not indicated for pain relief.
C: Client reports a decrease in coughing - Ondansetron does not treat coughing.
D: Client reports a decrease in diarrhea - Ondansetron does not target diarrhea.
In summary, the key to identifying the correct answer is understanding the purpose of ondansetron as an antiemetic medication, making choice B the most appropriate indicator of its effectiveness.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who has a prescription for total parenteral nutrition (TPN). Which of the following routes of administration should the nurse use?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Central venous access device. TPN is a hypertonic solution that requires a large vein for administration to prevent vein irritation and thrombosis. Central venous access devices, such as a central line or a PICC line, provide direct access to the central circulation, allowing for the rapid dilution and distribution of TPN. Subcutaneous (choice
A) and midline catheters (choice
D) are not suitable for TPN due to the hypertonic nature of the solution and potential tissue damage. While intravenous (choice
B) may be used, central venous access is preferred for TPN to minimize complications.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is assessing a client's IV infusion site and notes that the site is cool and edematous. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct action is to apply a warm, moist compress (
Choice
D) because it can help improve circulation to the IV site, reduce edema, and potentially prevent complications like phlebitis. By applying warmth, blood vessels dilate, increasing blood flow and promoting healing. Slowing the IV solution rate (
Choice
A) won't address the underlying issue of decreased circulation. Initiating a new IV distal to the initial site (
Choice
B) may not be necessary if the issue can be resolved with a warm compress. Maintaining the extremity below the level of the heart (
Choice
C) may not improve circulation sufficiently.