ATI RN
ATI RN Pharmacology Proctored Exam Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is assessing a client who is receiving a peripheral IV infusion and notes infiltration of fluid into the tissue surrounding the insertion site. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct action is to elevate the extremity. Elevating the extremity above the level of the heart helps to reduce swelling and prevent further fluid infiltration into the surrounding tissue. This promotes proper circulation and limits potential complications. Flushing the IV catheter (choice
A) would not address the infiltration issue. Applying pressure to the IV site (choice
B) could cause further damage to the tissue. Slowing the infusion rate (choice
D) may not be sufficient to prevent further infiltration.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is preparing to administer 4,000 units of heparin subcutaneously to a client who has deep-vein thrombosis. Available is heparin 10,000 units/mL. How many mL of heparin should the nurse administer? (Round to the nearest tenth.)
Correct Answer: 0.4
Rationale:
To calculate the mL of heparin to administer, use the formula: desired dose (4,000 units) ÷ concentration (10,000 units/mL) = X mL. 4,000 ÷ 10,000 = 0.4 mL. The correct answer is 0.4 mL because it accurately represents the calculated dose needed for the client. Other choices are incorrect as they do not align with the correct calculation.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who is in shock and is receiving an infusion of albumin. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Increase in BP. Albumin is a colloid solution that helps increase blood volume and subsequently improves blood pressure in shock patients. Increasing blood volume leads to an increase in blood pressure. Option A is incorrect because oxygen saturation is not directly affected by albumin infusion. Option B is incorrect because a low PaCO2 level is not a direct effect of albumin infusion. Option D is incorrect because albumin is a protein and its infusion would not lead to a decrease in protein levels.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is discussing adverse reactions to pain medications in older adult clients with a newly licensed nurse. Which of the following findings should the nurse include as risk factors for an adverse drug reaction? (SATA)
Correct Answer: A,C,D,E
Rationale:
To determine risk factors for adverse drug reactions in older adults, consider the following:
A: Polypharmacy increases the likelihood of drug interactions and adverse effects.
C: Decreased body fat can affect drug distribution, leading to higher drug concentrations.
D: Multiple health problems may require multiple medications, increasing the risk of adverse reactions.
E: Age-related changes in liver and kidney function can affect drug metabolism and excretion.
Other choices are incorrect because increased rate of absorption does not necessarily increase risk and choices F and G were not provided.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is reviewing the laboratory data of a client prior to administering IV tobramycin. Which of the following laboratory values should the nurse report to the provider?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Creatinine 2.5 mg/dL. Elevated creatinine levels indicate potential kidney dysfunction, which is crucial when administering nephrotoxic medications like tobramycin to prevent further kidney damage. Elevated creatinine levels can lead to drug accumulation, increasing the risk of toxicity.
Choice A (Sodium 137 mEq/L) is within normal range and not directly related to tobramycin administration.
Choices B (Hct 4.3%) and C (Hgb 15 g/dL) are related to red blood cell levels and not specifically relevant to tobramycin administration.
Therefore, they do not need immediate reporting.