ATI RN
ATI RN Pharmacology Proctored Exam Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is providing teaching to a client about the administration of omeprazole. Which of the following should the nurse include?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale:
Rationale: The correct answer is C: You should take this medication before meals. Omeprazole is a proton pump inhibitor that works best when taken before meals to inhibit gastric acid secretion. Taking it before meals maximizes its effectiveness.
Choice A is incorrect because omeprazole can be taken with antacids if necessary.
Choice B is incorrect as there is no need to reduce calcium intake while taking omeprazole.
Choice D is incorrect because taking a second dose without consulting a healthcare provider can lead to an overdose.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is receiving a medication prescription by telephone from a provider. The provider states, 'Administer 6 milligrams of morphine IV push every 3 hours as needed for acute pain.' How should the nurse transcribe the prescription in the client's medical record?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Morphine 6 mg IV push every 3 hr PRN acute pain. This transcription accurately reflects the provider's order by specifying the medication (morphine), dose (6 mg), route (IV push), frequency (every 3 hours), and indication (acute pain). Each element is essential for safe administration and documentation.
Option B (MSO) and Option C (MS) are incorrect because they do not specify morphine. Option D includes unnecessary decimal points, which could lead to dosing errors.
In summary, option A is the correct transcription as it accurately captures all the necessary details of the provider's order for safe medication administration.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is providing teaching to a client who has a new prescription for theophylline, a sustained-released capsule. Which of the following statements by the client indicates an understanding of the teaching?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: "I will need to have blood levels drawn." This statement indicates an understanding of the teaching because theophylline levels need to be monitored to ensure the medication is at a therapeutic level and not reaching toxic levels. Regular blood tests are necessary to adjust the dosage as needed.
Choice A is incorrect because theophylline should not be taken with coffee as caffeine can interact with the medication.
Choice B is incorrect as the sustained-release capsule should not be opened or sprinkled in food as it can alter the drug absorption rate.
Choice C is incorrect because fluid intake should actually be increased while on theophylline to prevent dehydration and help with drug elimination.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who has a respiratory infection and is receiving an antibiotic. Which of the following medications puts the client at risk for developing hearing loss?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Gentamicin. Gentamicin is an aminoglycoside antibiotic known to cause ototoxicity, leading to hearing loss. It affects the sensory cells in the inner ear. Rifampin (
A) does not typically cause hearing loss. Ciprofloxacin (
B) is a fluoroquinolone antibiotic that is not associated with hearing loss. Penicillin G (
C) is a beta-lactam antibiotic and does not pose a risk for hearing loss. In summary, Gentamicin is the correct answer due to its known ototoxic effects, while the other choices do not carry the same risk.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse inadvertently administers 160 mg of valsartan PO to a client who was scheduled to receive 80 mg. Which of the following actions is the priority for the nurse to take?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Evaluate the client for orthostatic hypotension. In this situation, the nurse administered double the prescribed dose of valsartan, which is an antihypertensive medication. Valsartan can cause a sudden drop in blood pressure, leading to orthostatic hypotension, especially at higher doses.
Therefore, the priority action for the nurse is to assess the client for signs and symptoms of orthostatic hypotension such as dizziness, lightheadedness, or fainting. This immediate evaluation is crucial to ensure the client's safety and well-being.
Other choices are incorrect because:
B: Monitoring urine output is not the priority in this scenario as the issue at hand is related to a potential adverse effect of the medication.
C: Obtaining laboratory results is not the immediate action needed in response to the medication error.
D: Checking for nasal congestion is not relevant to the situation and does not address the potential adverse effects of the