ATI RN
ATI Nurs 2000 Fundamentals Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is conducting a class on stress. Which of the following would the nurse include as an example of acute stress?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Experiencing poverty can indeed be a source of chronic stress due to the ongoing hardships and struggles associated with financial instability. However, it is not typically classified as an example of acute stress, which is usually associated with a specific event or situation that causes a sudden and intense reaction. Being a victim of a crime is a prime example of an acute stressor. This is because it is a specific event that can cause immediate emotional and physiological reactions. The individual may experience intense feelings of fear, shock, or distress, and these reactions typically occur immediately after the event. Being part of a dysfunctional family can lead to chronic stress due to ongoing family conflicts, communication problems, or other issues. While specific incidents within the family context (like a heated argument) could potentially trigger acute stress responses, the overall experience of living in a dysfunctional family is more commonly associated with chronic stress. Experiencing racism can lead to both acute and chronic stress. Acute stress might occur in response to a specific incident of racial discrimination, while chronic stress could result from living in a society where racism is pervasive. However, without a specific incident mentioned, it is less likely to be considered an example of acute stress compared to being a victim of a crime.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is teaching a class about sources of stress. The nurse should include that which of the following is an example of a psychological stressor?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: A wrist fracture is a physical stressor not a psychological one. It involves damage to the body's structures. A burn injury like a wrist fracture is a physical stressor. It involves physical harm to the body. Financial difficulties are a type of psychological stressor. They involve challenges and worries related to money which can cause mental and emotional stress. Hypothermia is a physical stressor. It involves a dangerously low body temperature and is a medical emergency.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is assessing an older adult patient who is experiencing age-related changes. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Increased joint stiffness is a common age-related change in older adults. Increased muscle mass is not typically an age-related change. In fact older adults often experience a decrease in muscle mass a condition known as sarcopenia. Increased calcification of bones is not a typical age-related change. Older adults are more likely to experience osteoporosis a condition characterized by a decrease in bone density. Decreased balance is a common age-related change but it is not the correct answer for this question.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse enters a hospice patient’s room to perform an assessment after receiving the morning report.The outgoing nurse reports that the patient is showing loss of appetite, swelling of the limbs, increased sleep, CheyneStokes respirations, and hallucinations.Which of the following indicates the nurse understands the report?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Initiating life-saving measures such as a rapid response call would not be appropriate in this context. The patient is in a hospice setting which focuses on providing comfort and quality of life for patients who are nearing the end of life rather than aggressive lifesaving interventions. Calling the provider because these signs and symptoms are abnormal would not be the correct response. In a hospice setting these symptoms are expected and are indicative of the natural dying process. The statement that rapid respirations that are unusually deep and regular are curative for the patient is incorrect. Cheyne-Stokes respirations characterized by a pattern of increasing and then decreasing depth of breath followed by a period of apnea are often seen in patients nearing the end of life. They are not curative but are a sign of the body's decreasing metabolic demands and changing physiology as death approaches. The nurse understanding that these are impending signs of death and are normal is the correct response. The symptoms described including loss of appetite swelling of the limbs increased sleep Cheyne-Stokes respirations and hallucinations are all common in the final stages of life. Recognizing these signs can help the nurse provide appropriate care and support to the patient and their family during this time.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is teaching a class about the stages of the general adaptive syndrome (GAS). The nurse should include that which of the following is the first physiological response that occurs during GAS?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The first physiological response that occurs during the General Adaptation Syndrome (GAS) is the alarm reaction stage. This stage is the body's initial response to stress where the sympathetic nervous system is activated by the sudden release of hormones. The body remaining alert while blood pressure and heart rate return to pre-stress levels is part of the resistance stage of GAS not the first physiological response. Prolonged exposure to stress resulting in illness is associated with the exhaustion stage of GAS which is the final stage not the first physiological response. An increase in hormones causing an increase in blood pressure and heart rate is part of the alarm reaction stage but it is not the first physiological response. The first response is the perception of a stressor that stimulates the central nervous system.