ATI RN
ATI Medical Surgical Exam 1 Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
Which symptom indicates a client may be experiencing hypoglycemia?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Hypoglycemia commonly causes tremors, sweating, and anxiety due to low blood glucose levels.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who is being evaluated for multiple sclerosis. Which of the following tests should the nurse anticipate the provider will order to assist with diagnosis?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Lumbar puncture collects cerebrospinal fluid to detect abnormalities like elevated IgG or oligoclonal bands, indicative of CNS inflammation in multiple sclerosis. Myelogram, BNP, and troponin tests are unrelated to MS diagnosis.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client admitted with meningitis. The student nurse asks, 'I know that the client has a lot of edemas in the brain, but what causes it?' Which of the following responses from the nurse best answers the student's question?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Cerebral edema in meningitis is caused by pathogen by-products, like bacterial endotoxins, which trigger inflammation, disrupt the blood-brain barrier, and cause fluid leakage into brain tissue. Osmotic edema, whole-body inflammation, and abnormal CSF flow are not the primary mechanisms.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is caring crees for a client who has a transection of the spinal cord at the level of cervical 7. Which of the following assessment findings should the nurse anticipate?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: A complete spinal cord transection at C7 results in total loss of sensory and motor function below the injury level, making no sensation or movement the expected finding. Partial movement or sensation would indicate an incomplete injury, which is not consistent with a transection.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is assessing a client who has acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). Which of the following findings should the nurse expect?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: ARDS causes alveolar inflammation and damage, leading to stiff lungs and decreased pulmonary compliance, impairing lung expansion. Hypoxemia in ARDS results from V/Q mismatch and shunting, not dead space. Shunting does not directly impair CO2 elimination, and V/Q mismatch does not typically decrease pulmonary arterial pressure.