ATI RN
ATI Med Surg Exam N300 Exam Day Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
Which statement made by a patient who is diagnosed with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and is prescribed three antiretroviral medications, indicates the need for further teaching about the medication combination?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Antiretroviral medications do not kill the virus; they suppress its replication. Lifelong adherence to antiretroviral therapy is necessary to manage HIV and prevent viral rebound.
Question 2 of 5
The nurse is caring for a patient with a spinal cord injury (SCI) who is about to be transferred to a wheelchair for Physical Therapy. The patient complains of feeling dizzy and is diaphoretic. What would be the priority nursing action?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Lowering the head of the bed and obtaining vital signs can help stabilize blood pressure and monitor for orthostatic hypotension, which is common in patients with SCI due to autonomic dysfunction.
Question 3 of 5
The nurse is caring for a patient with an acute head injury. Which assessment finding would first alert the nurse that the patient is developing an increase in intracranial pressure (ICP)?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Altered mental status, such as confusion, restlessness, or lethargy, is often the earliest sign of increasing ICP as it reflects brain tissue compression.
Question 4 of 5
The nurse is the first person on the scene of a motor vehicle crash. The victim was the driver and is in the driver's seat unconscious. The driver is breathing, has a pulse, and has minor lacerations on the head and face. What action should the nurse implement first?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Stabilizing the cervical spine is crucial to prevent potential spinal cord damage in an unconscious trauma victim, particularly in a motor vehicle accident.
Question 5 of 5
The patient diagnosed with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) states that they have developed purple, brown spots on their body. Which opportunistic infection does the nurse suspect?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Kaposi's Sarcoma is a cancer commonly associated with AIDS, characterized by purple or brown lesions on the skin and mucous membranes.