Extract:

A nurse is reinforcing education about the inheritance patterns of fragile X syndrome to a couple who have a family history of the disorder.

Question 1 of 5

Which of the following statements should the nurse make?

A. Fragile X syndrome follows an autosomal recessive pattern, so both genetic parents must carry the gene mutation for a child to be affected.B. Since your child has fragile X syndrome, all of your future sons will also have the condition, but your daughters will not be affected.C. Fragile X syndrome is inherited in a mitochondrial pattern which means it is passed from the pregnant individual to child through the mitochondrial DNA.D. Fragile X syndrome is inherited in an X-linked dominant pattern, which means that if a pregnant client carries the gene mutation, each child has a 50% chance of inheriting the condition.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Fragile X syndrome is X-linked dominant, and a parent who carries the full mutation has a 50% chance of passing it to each child. Males typically have more severe symptoms than females due to having only one X chromosome.

Extract:

A nurse is reinforcing education about nutrition for a patient who has HIV and has a newborn.

Question 2 of 5

Which of the following statements should the nurse provide in the teaching?

A. You must breastfeed to give the baby the best nutrients.B. Breastfeeding is not recommended because of the high risk of transmission.C. Pumped breastmilk may be given to your child.D. You should sterilize your pumped breastmilk prior to feeding.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: HIV can be transmitted through breast milk, and health organizations, including the WHO and CDC, advise against breastfeeding if safe alternatives, such as formula feeding, are available. Formula feeding is the preferred method in high-resource settings.

Extract:

A nurse is reinforcing teaching to the parents of a 6-year-old child who has fragile X-syndrome and is manifesting cognitive delays.

Question 3 of 5

Which of the following statements concerning coordination of care should the nurse reinforce?

A. You should focus solely on cognitive development at home, as professional interventions are not effective for children with fragile X syndrome.B. Since your child has cognitive delays, you should avoid social activities that could overwhelm them and hinder their progress.C. It's important to work with a multidisciplinary team to address your child's cognitive delays and support their development.D. Cognitive delays in children with fragile X syndrome typically resolve on their own, so there is no need for specialized educational plans or therapies.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: A multidisciplinary team ensures individualized support for cognitive, social, and communication skills in children with fragile X syndrome.

Extract:

A nurse is assisting with planning care for a 17-year-old client who may have anorexia nervosa (AN).

Question 4 of 5

Which of the following should the nurse recognize as a common reproductive health concern for this client?

A. AmenorrheaB. Increased fertilityC. Early onset of pubertyD. Pelvic inflammatory disease (PID)

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Anorexia nervosa is associated with severe weight loss and malnutrition, leading to hormonal imbalances that disrupt the menstrual cycle. Decreased estrogen levels result in amenorrhea, which is a hallmark symptom of the disorder and a significant reproductive health concern.

Extract:

The nurse is reinforcing teaching to the parent of a 7-year-old child who has manifestations consistent with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD).

Question 5 of 5

Which of the following statements should the nurse make regarding the screening and diagnosis of ADHD?

A. Since ADHD is genetic, we need to know if other family members have been diagnosed to determine if your child has it.B. Your child will need a comprehensive evaluation, based on specific criteria including a detailed history and behavior assessment.C. If your child shows symptoms of ADHD at home but not at school they can still be diagnosed with ADHD.D. ADHD can be confirmed with a blood test, so we should schedule one for your child.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: ADHD diagnosis is based on clinical criteria from the DSM-5, which includes a thorough history, observation of symptoms in multiple settings, and standardized behavior assessments. This ensures an accurate and well-supported diagnosis.

Nurselytic

ATI RN

ATI RN

ATI Pediatrics Final Exam 2025 Questions

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