ATI RN
ATI RN Pediatric Nursing 2023 Exam 3 Questions
Extract:
Nurses' Notes: The child's guardian states the child has been unable to sleep recently and has been very irritable. Guardian expresses concern about the child's atopic dermatitis worsening and the child scratching excessively, which results in the areas bleeding. Guardian states the child has a history of allergic rhinitis. Medication Administration Record: Diphenhydramine 10 mg PO 4 times per day, Pimecrolimus 1% cream apply to skin lesions daily. Assessment: Child is alert and responsive, Respiratory rate even and nonlabored at rate of 24/min. No adventitious sounds auscultated. Heart rate 108/min, Generalized small clusters of reddish, scaly patches with lichenifications and depigmentation on the child's bilateral upper and lower extremities.
Question 1 of 5
Which of the following statements should the nurse plan to include in the discharge instructions for the child's guardian? Select all that apply.
Correct Answer: A,B,D,F,G
Rationale: A. Cutting and filing the child's fingernails frequently can help prevent excessive scratching and further damage to the skin. B. Using a mild detergent reduces the risk of skin irritation and exacerbation of atopic dermatitis. C. Pimecrolimus cream should be applied thinly, not in a thick layer, to the affected areas to avoid potential side effects. D. Atopic dermatitis tends to have periodic flare-ups, so it's important to inform the guardian about this aspect of the condition. E. Atopic dermatitis itself is not contagious, although the child may be prone to skin infections if lesions are present. F. Applying gloves to the child's hands can prevent scratching and further skin damage. G. Emollients help to moisturize the skin and improve its barrier function, which is important in managing atopic dermatitis.
Extract:
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is providing teaching to a parent of a child who has HIV. Which of the following statements by the parent indicates an understanding of the teaching?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: A. This statement demonstrates an understanding of the increased risk of tuberculosis in individuals with HIV and the importance of regular screening. Tuberculosis is a common opportunistic infection in individuals with HIV, and regular testing is essential for early detection and treatment. B. While starting antiretroviral therapy such as zidovudine is important for managing HIV, it does not immediately decrease the risk of transmission. It takes time for viral load suppression to occur and for the risk of transmission to decrease significantly. C. Doubling medications without healthcare provider guidance could lead to incorrect dosing and potential harm. HIV medications should be taken exactly as prescribed by the healthcare provider. D. Childhood immunizations are essential for preventing other infectious diseases but may need to be adjusted based on the child's immune status and specific recommendations from the healthcare provider. The statement does not address the immediate concern of managing HIV.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is caring for a group of toddlers receiving digoxin therapy. For which of the following toddlers should the nurse revise the plan of care?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: A. Vomiting can lead to decreased absorption of digoxin, potentially resulting in subtherapeutic levels and inadequate therapeutic effect. The plan of care should be revised to address the vomiting and consider alternative routes of administration or doses. B. A digoxin level within the therapeutic range indicates adequate drug absorption and effectiveness. C. An apical pulse of 100/min is within the expected range for toddlers and does not necessarily require a revision of the plan of care related to digoxin therapy. D. A potassium level within the normal range is desirable and does not necessarily require a revision of the plan of care related to digoxin therapy.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is planning care for a preschooler who has autism spectrum disorder. Which of the following interventions should the nurse include in the plan?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: A. Maintaining extended eye contact may be uncomfortable or overwhelming for a child with autism spectrum disorder (AS
D) and may not be an appropriate intervention. B. Establishing a reward system can help reinforce positive behaviors and encourage desired outcomes in children with ASD. C. Engaging in cooperative play may be challenging for a child with ASD due to difficulties with social interaction and communication. D. Holding the child during assessments may cause distress or discomfort for a child with ASD and may not be necessary for the assessment process.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is preparing to assess a 4-year-old child's visual acuity. Which of the following actions should the nurse plan to take?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: A. Assessing both eyes together first, then separately, is not the standard method; typically, each eye is tested separately first to detect differences. B. Positioning the child 4.6 meters (15 feet) from the chart is incorrect; the standard distance for a Snellen chart is 20 feet (6 meters), though a 10-foot chart may be used for young children. C. Testing the child without glasses before testing with glasses may be appropriate but is not specifically related to the method of visual acuity assessment. D. Using a tumbling E chart is appropriate for assessing visual acuity in young children who may not recognize letters. The tumbling E chart uses a series of 'E' shapes facing different directions, allowing the child to indicate the direction the 'E' is facing, thus assessing visual acuity.