ATI RN
ATI RN Pediatric Nursing 2023 Exam 3 Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is providing teaching to the guardian of an 11-month-old infant who has acute diarrhea. Which of the following food items should the nurse instruct the parent to provide to the infant?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: A. Oral electrolyte solution helps to prevent dehydration and maintain electrolyte balance in infants with acute diarrhea. B. Applesauce may worsen diarrhea due to its high fiber content and should be avoided initially. C. White grape juice may worsen diarrhea due to its high sugar content and lack of electrolytes. D. Chicken soup may not provide the necessary electrolytes and may contain ingredients that are difficult for an infant with acute diarrhea to digest.
Extract:
Nurses' Notes: 0700: 7 year old client who weighs 18.1 kg (39.9 lb) admitted with a UTI. Child reports pain and burning upon urination and feeling like they need to go to the bathroom all the time. Child's guardian reports the client has been incontinent of urine the past 2 nights and that the urine has a very strong odor. Vital Signs: 0715: Temperature 38 C (100.4 F), Heart rate 80/min, Respiratory rate 22/min, Blood pressure 106/65 mm Hg. 0930: Temperature 38.4 C (101.1 F), Heart rate 90/min, Respiratory rate 23/min, Blood pressure 105/65 mm Hg. Provider Prescription: Sulfamethoxazole and trimethoprim 8 mg TMP/kg/day PO, Salicylic acid 20 mg/kg/dose every 4 hr as needed for pain and fever
Question 2 of 5
The nurse is planning care for the client. For each of the following interventions, click to specify if the potential intervention is anticipated or contraindicated for the client.
| Intervention | Anticipated |
|---|---|
| Educate the child about proper perineal hygiene | |
| Administer sulfamethoxazole and trimethoprim | |
| Administer salicylic acid for pain and fever | |
| Ensure the child receives a maximum of 1,200 mL/day of fluid | |
| Advise child's guardian about the use of sunscreen |
Correct Answer: A,B,E
Rationale: A. Proper perineal hygiene is essential in preventing recurrent urinary tract infections. Teaching the child about proper hygiene practices is important for preventing future UTIs. B. Sulfamethoxazole and trimethoprim are antibiotics commonly used to treat urinary tract infections. Administering the prescribed antibiotic is appropriate for treating the UTI. C. Salicylic acid (aspirin) is contraindicated in children with viral infections due to the risk of Reye's syndrome, a rare but serious condition. Since the child has a fever, which is likely due to the UTI, salicylic acid should not be given. D. Fluid intake should be encouraged to help flush out the bacteria causing the UTI. Restricting fluid intake is not appropriate in this situation. E. Advising the child's guardian about the use of sunscreen is appropriate, especially if the child will be outdoors. This intervention is not directly related to the UTI but is generally important for the child's overall health and well-being.
Extract:
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is reviewing the laboratory results of a child who was recently admitted for suspected rheumatic fever. The nurse should identify that which of the following laboratory tests can contribute to confirming this diagnosis? Select all that apply.
Correct Answer: B,C,D
Rationale: A. Partial thromboplastin time (PTT) is not typically used to diagnose rheumatic fever. It is used to evaluate coagulation disorders. B. Elevated C-reactive protein (CRP) levels indicate inflammation, which can be associated with rheumatic fever. C. Elevated erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) is a marker of inflammation and can be elevated in rheumatic fever. D. Elevated Antistreptolysin O (ASO) titer indicates recent streptococcal infection, which is a predisposing factor for rheumatic fever. E. Blood urea nitrogen (BUN) is not typically used to diagnose rheumatic fever. It is used to assess kidney function.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is caring for an infant who has necrotizing enterocolitis. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: A. While vomiting can be a symptom in some gastrointestinal disorders, it is not specific to necrotizing enterocolitis. B. Hypertension is not typically associated with necrotizing enterocolitis. Instead, infants may present with hypotension due to septic shock or poor perfusion. C. A rounded abdomen is a common finding in infants with necrotizing enterocolitis due to abdominal distension from gas and fluid accumulation. D. Tachypnea may occur in response to systemic infection or respiratory distress but is not a defining characteristic of necrotizing enterocolitis.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is caring for a child who is receiving conditioning therapy for enuresis. Which of the following statements by the child's parent indicate the treatment is effective?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: A. This statement suggests that the child may be experiencing difficulty holding urine, which is not indicative of successful treatment for enuresis. B. Decreased fluid intake may not necessarily indicate successful treatment for enuresis and could potentially lead to dehydration. C. This statement suggests that the child responded to the conditioning therapy by waking up to use the bathroom when the alarm signaled, indicating progress in achieving nighttime continence. D. While Kegel exercises may be beneficial for pelvic floor strength, they are not typically a primary treatment for enuresis, and this statement does not directly indicate the effectiveness of the treatment.