ATI RN
ATI RN Pediatric Nursing 2023 Exam 3 Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is providing teaching to the guardian of an 11-month-old infant who has acute diarrhea. Which of the following food items should the nurse instruct the parent to provide to the infant?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Oral electrolyte solution. This is because infants with acute diarrhea are at risk of dehydration due to fluid loss. Oral electrolyte solution helps replace lost fluids and electrolytes, preventing dehydration. Applesauce, white grape juice, and chicken soup are not recommended for infants with acute diarrhea as they can worsen diarrhea symptoms or lack the necessary electrolytes to rehydrate the infant. It is crucial to prioritize rehydration with oral electrolyte solution in managing acute diarrhea in infants.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is preparing to assess a 4-year-old child's visual acuity. Which of the following actions should the nurse plan to take?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D, using a tumbling E chart for the assessment. This type of chart is commonly used for young children due to its simplicity - the child is asked to identify the direction the "E" is facing. This helps assess visual acuity accurately in children who may not yet know letters. Assessing both eyes together first (choice
A) may lead to inaccuracies. Positioning the child 4.6 meters away (choice
B) is too far for a child's assessment. Testing without glasses first (choice
C) may not provide an accurate baseline. Overall, using a tumbling E chart is the most appropriate method for assessing visual acuity in a 4-year-old child.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is assessing a school-age child who is receiving prednisolone. For which of the following adverse effects should the nurse monitor?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Prolonged wound healing. Prednisolone is a corticosteroid that can suppress the immune system, leading to delayed wound healing. The nurse should monitor for this adverse effect by observing for slow or ineffective healing of any wounds the child may have. Stevens-Johnson syndrome (
A) is a severe skin reaction but is not a common side effect of prednisolone. Hypotension (
C) is not typically associated with prednisolone use. Renal failure (
D) is a potential adverse effect of long-term corticosteroid use but is less common compared to prolonged wound healing.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is preparing to administer an IM injection to a 3-year-old child. Which of the following statements should the nurse make?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: "You can choose which leg you get your medicine in." This statement empowers the child by giving them a sense of control over the situation, which can help alleviate anxiety and fear associated with the injection. By allowing the child to choose the leg, it helps build trust and cooperation.
A: Offering a prize for not crying may encourage the child to suppress their emotions rather than addressing them.
B: This statement provides false reassurance and does not prepare the child for the sensation of the injection.
C: While minimizing the sensation is important, this statement does not address the child's autonomy or control.
In summary, choice D is correct as it promotes autonomy and reduces anxiety, while the other choices do not address the child's emotional needs or provide a sense of control.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is assessing a preschool-age child who is in the immediate postoperative period following a tonsillectomy. Which of the following assessment findings is the priority?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: The child swallows frequently. This is the priority assessment finding post-tonsillectomy as it may indicate bleeding, which can be life-threatening. Swallowing frequently can suggest blood pooling at the surgical site, leading to hemorrhage. A prompt assessment and intervention are crucial to prevent further complications.
Choices A, B, and C are not as high priority because throat pain, refusal of clear liquids, and crying are common after tonsillectomy and do not pose immediate life-threatening risks.