ATI RN
ATI RN Pediatric Nursing 2023 Exam 3 Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is reviewing the laboratory results of a child who was recently admitted for suspected rheumatic fever. The nurse should identify that which of the following laboratory tests can contribute to confirming this diagnosis? Select all that apply.
Correct Answer: B,C,D
Rationale: The correct laboratory tests to confirm rheumatic fever are CRP, ESR, and ASO titer.
1. CRP is a marker of inflammation and is elevated in rheumatic fever.
2. ESR measures the rate at which red blood cells settle in a tube of blood and is elevated in inflammatory conditions like rheumatic fever.
3. ASO titer detects antibodies produced in response to a recent streptococcal infection, a common trigger for rheumatic fever.
A: PTT measures blood clotting time and is not specific to rheumatic fever.
E: BUN is a measure of kidney function and is not useful in diagnosing rheumatic fever.
In summary, the correct tests help confirm rheumatic fever by assessing inflammation, immune response, and streptococcal infection.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is assessing a 7-year-old child who has diabetes mellitus. Which of the following findings should the nurse identify as a manifestation of hypoglycemia?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Shakiness. Hypoglycemia in a child with diabetes mellitus can cause the body to release stress hormones like adrenaline, leading to symptoms such as shakiness, sweating, and palpitations. This is due to the low blood sugar levels affecting the brain's glucose supply, causing these physical manifestations. Increased capillary refill (choice
A) is more indicative of dehydration. Thirst (choice
C) is a symptom of hyperglycemia, not hypoglycemia. Decreased appetite (choice
D) can occur with both high and low blood sugar levels but is not a specific manifestation of hypoglycemia in this context.
Extract:
Nurses' Notes: 0700: 7 year old client who weighs 18.1 kg (39.9 lb) admitted with a UTI. Child reports pain and burning upon urination and feeling like they need to go to the bathroom all the time. Child's guardian reports the client has been incontinent of urine the past 2 nights and that the urine has a very strong odor. Vital Signs: 0715: Temperature 38 C (100.4 F), Heart rate 80/min, Respiratory rate 22/min, Blood pressure 106/65 mm Hg. 0930: Temperature 38.4 C (101.1 F), Heart rate 90/min, Respiratory rate 23/min, Blood pressure 105/65 mm Hg. Provider Prescription: Sulfamethoxazole and trimethoprim 8 mg TMP/kg/day PO, Salicylic acid 20 mg/kg/dose every 4 hr as needed for pain and fever
Question 3 of 5
The nurse is planning care for the client. For each of the following interventions, click to specify if the potential intervention is anticipated or contraindicated for the client.
| Intervention | Anticipated |
|---|---|
| Educate the child about proper perineal hygiene | |
| Administer sulfamethoxazole and trimethoprim | |
| Administer salicylic acid for pain and fever | |
| Ensure the child receives a maximum of 1,200 mL/day of fluid | |
| Advise child's guardian about the use of sunscreen |
Correct Answer: A,B,E
Rationale: [1,0,1]
Correct Answer: A,B,E
Rationale:
A: Educating the child about proper perineal hygiene is anticipated to prevent infections.
B: Administering sulfamethoxazole and trimethoprim is anticipated for treating infections.
E: Advising about sunscreen is anticipated to prevent sunburn.
Others are contraindicated as salicylic acid may not be suitable for pain and fever, fluid intake should be individualized.
Extract:
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is caring for a 5-year-old child who has acute poststreptococcal glomerulonephritis. Which of the following findings should indicate to the nurse that treatment has been effective?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Clear urine. In acute poststreptococcal glomerulonephritis, the kidneys become inflamed and may present with hematuria and proteinuria. Clear urine indicates resolution of these symptoms, reflecting improved kidney function. A: Temperature and D: Odorless urine are unrelated to the condition. B: No pain with voiding is important but not a direct indicator of treatment effectiveness. Other choices are not relevant.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is caring for a child who has epiglottitis due to an infection with Haemophilus influenzae type B. Which of the following actions should the nurse take? Select all that apply.
Correct Answer: C,D,E
Rationale: The correct actions are to monitor oxygen saturation (
C) due to potential airway compromise, begin droplet precautions (
D) to prevent spread of infection, and initiate IV access (E) for potential emergency treatment. Inspecting the epiglottis (
A) could trigger a spasm and worsen the airway obstruction. Obtaining a throat culture (
B) may not be necessary in the immediate management of epiglottitis.