ATI RN
ATI RN Pediatric Nursing 2023 Exam 3 Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is reviewing the laboratory results of a child who was recently admitted for suspected rheumatic fever. The nurse should identify that which of the following laboratory tests can contribute to confirming this diagnosis? Select all that apply.
Correct Answer: B,C,D
Rationale: A. Partial thromboplastin time (PTT) is not typically used to diagnose rheumatic fever. It is used to evaluate coagulation disorders. B. Elevated C-reactive protein (CRP) levels indicate inflammation, which can be associated with rheumatic fever. C. Elevated erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) is a marker of inflammation and can be elevated in rheumatic fever. D. Elevated Antistreptolysin O (ASO) titer indicates recent streptococcal infection, which is a predisposing factor for rheumatic fever. E. Blood urea nitrogen (BUN) is not typically used to diagnose rheumatic fever. It is used to assess kidney function.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is caring for a 1-week-old newborn who has hyperbilirubinemia and is being treated with phototherapy. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: A. Checking the newborn's eyes every 8 hours is not directly related to the management of hyperbilirubinemia or phototherapy; eye shields are typically used during phototherapy to protect the eyes. B. Placing mittens on the newborn's hands is not necessary for the management of hyperbilirubinemia or phototherapy. C. Monitoring the newborn's temperature every 2 hours is important during phototherapy to prevent complications such as hypothermia or hyperthermia. D. Applying lotion to the newborn's skin is not recommended during phototherapy as it can interfere with the effectiveness of the treatment.
Extract:
Nurses' Notes: 0700: 7 year old client who weighs 18.1 kg (39.9 lb) admitted with a UTI. Child reports pain and burning upon urination and feeling like they need to go to the bathroom all the time. Child's guardian reports the client has been incontinent of urine the past 2 nights and that the urine has a very strong odor. Vital Signs: 0715: Temperature 38 C (100.4 F), Heart rate 80/min, Respiratory rate 22/min, Blood pressure 106/65 mm Hg. 0930: Temperature 38.4 C (101.1 F), Heart rate 90/min, Respiratory rate 23/min, Blood pressure 105/65 mm Hg. Provider Prescription: Sulfamethoxazole and trimethoprim 8 mg TMP/kg/day PO, Salicylic acid 20 mg/kg/dose every 4 hr as needed for pain and fever
Question 3 of 5
The nurse is planning care for the client. For each of the following interventions, click to specify if the potential intervention is anticipated or contraindicated for the client.
| Intervention | Anticipated |
|---|---|
| Educate the child about proper perineal hygiene | |
| Administer sulfamethoxazole and trimethoprim | |
| Administer salicylic acid for pain and fever | |
| Ensure the child receives a maximum of 1,200 mL/day of fluid | |
| Advise child's guardian about the use of sunscreen |
Correct Answer: A,B,E
Rationale: A. Proper perineal hygiene is essential in preventing recurrent urinary tract infections. Teaching the child about proper hygiene practices is important for preventing future UTIs. B. Sulfamethoxazole and trimethoprim are antibiotics commonly used to treat urinary tract infections. Administering the prescribed antibiotic is appropriate for treating the UTI. C. Salicylic acid (aspirin) is contraindicated in children with viral infections due to the risk of Reye's syndrome, a rare but serious condition. Since the child has a fever, which is likely due to the UTI, salicylic acid should not be given. D. Fluid intake should be encouraged to help flush out the bacteria causing the UTI. Restricting fluid intake is not appropriate in this situation. E. Advising the child's guardian about the use of sunscreen is appropriate, especially if the child will be outdoors. This intervention is not directly related to the UTI but is generally important for the child's overall health and well-being.
Extract:
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is assessing a school-age child who has heart failure and is taking furosemide. Which of the following findings should the nurse identify as an indication that the medication is effective?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: A. Furosemide is a loop diuretic that typically causes potassium loss, so an increase in potassium levels would not be expected as an indication of effectiveness. B. Furosemide is prescribed to reduce fluid volume overload, which often manifests as peripheral edema in patients with heart failure. A decrease in peripheral edema indicates that the medication is effectively reducing fluid retention. C. Furosemide is not typically prescribed to decrease cardiac output but rather to reduce fluid volume overload, which may help improve cardiac function indirectly. D. Furosemide is not typically prescribed to increase venous pressure but rather to decrease fluid volume overload, which may help reduce venous pressure over time.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is providing teaching to a parent of a child who has HIV. Which of the following statements by the parent indicates an understanding of the teaching?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: A. This statement demonstrates an understanding of the increased risk of tuberculosis in individuals with HIV and the importance of regular screening. Tuberculosis is a common opportunistic infection in individuals with HIV, and regular testing is essential for early detection and treatment. B. While starting antiretroviral therapy such as zidovudine is important for managing HIV, it does not immediately decrease the risk of transmission. It takes time for viral load suppression to occur and for the risk of transmission to decrease significantly. C. Doubling medications without healthcare provider guidance could lead to incorrect dosing and potential harm. HIV medications should be taken exactly as prescribed by the healthcare provider. D. Childhood immunizations are essential for preventing other infectious diseases but may need to be adjusted based on the child's immune status and specific recommendations from the healthcare provider. The statement does not address the immediate concern of managing HIV.