ATI RN
ATI Nur 307 Pediatrics Final Exam Questions
Extract:
A nurse is assessing a child who has nephrotic syndrome.
Question 1 of 5
Which of the following findings should the nurse expect?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Facial edema. Facial edema is a common finding in patients with nephrotic syndrome due to fluid retention. This is caused by the loss of protein in the urine, leading to low albumin levels and fluid accumulation in the tissues. Hypertension (choice
A) is not a typical finding in nephrotic syndrome unless severe volume overload occurs. Smokey brown urine (choice
C) may indicate rhabdomyolysis, not typically seen in nephrotic syndrome. Polyuria (choice
D) is more commonly associated with conditions like diabetes insipidus, not nephrotic syndrome.
Therefore, based on the pathophysiology of nephrotic syndrome, facial edema is the most expected finding.
Extract:
An acute care nurse is caring for a pediatric client diagnosed with diabetes mellitus who receives insulin injections.
Question 2 of 5
Which of the following actions by the nurse demonstrates atraumatic care?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D. Explaining the procedure in simple terms to the client before administering the insulin demonstrates atraumatic care by providing information and reducing anxiety. This approach empowers the client, promotes trust, and enhances understanding.
Choice A may reduce anxiety but does not involve communication or education.
Choice B using a larger needle can cause more discomfort.
Choice C rushing the injection may increase discomfort.
Choices E, F, and G are not provided.
Extract:
A nurse is teaching the parents of a school-age child about palliative care.
Question 3 of 5
Which of the following statements should the nurse include?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: The primary goal of palliative care is to improve your child's quality of life. This is the correct statement to include because palliative care aims to provide relief from the symptoms and stress of a serious illness, with the goal of improving the quality of life for both the child and the family.
Rationale:
1. Palliative care focuses on providing comfort and support to the child and family, rather than solely on curing the illness.
2. It addresses physical, emotional, social, and spiritual needs, aiming to enhance the overall well-being of the child.
3. Palliative care can be integrated alongside curative treatment to improve the child's quality of life throughout the illness.
4. By prioritizing quality of life, palliative care helps the child and family navigate the challenges of a serious illness with dignity and compassion.
Summary of Other
Choices:
A: Incorrect - Palliative care can begin at any stage of a serious illness, not just when a specific prognosis
Extract:
A nurse is caring for an infant who has inadequate motility of part of the intestine resulting in a mechanical obstruction.
Question 4 of 5
The nurse should identify this finding as a manifestation of which of the following disorders?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Hirschsprung's disease. This disorder is characterized by the absence of ganglion cells in the distal colon, leading to functional obstruction. The finding mentioned in the question could be related to a child's difficulty passing stool, which is a common symptom of Hirschsprung's disease. Encopresis (
A) refers to voluntary or involuntary fecal soiling in children with constipation, not a structural disorder like Hirschsprung's. Pyloric stenosis (
B) is a narrowing of the opening from the stomach to the small intestine, causing projectile vomiting, not related to the colon. Enterocolitis (
D) is inflammation of the colon and small intestine, not specific to Hirschsprung's disease.
Extract:
A nurse is planning care for a 10-year-old child who will be hospitalized for an extended period of time.
Question 5 of 5
Which of the following actions should the nurse include to meet the client's psychosocial needs according to Erikson?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Encourage the client to complete school work. According to Erikson's psychosocial development theory, children in the school-age stage (6-12 years) focus on developing competence and mastering skills. By encouraging the client to complete school work, the nurse supports the child's sense of industry and accomplishment, which is crucial for healthy psychosocial development. Providing a daily session with a play therapist (
A) may be beneficial for emotional expression but does not directly address the client's developmental stage. Discouraging visits from friends (
B) may isolate the client and hinder social development. Varying the child's schedule each day (
C) may create instability and disrupt routine, which is important for a sense of security and trust in this stage.