ATI RN
ATI n269 Med Surg Exam Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
Which of the following assessment findings indicates an emergency and the need for immediate action on the part of the nurse?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Tracheal deviation is a medical emergency and typically indicates tension pneumothorax, where air accumulates in the pleural space, shifting the trachea away from the affected side. This can compress the heart and lungs, leading to respiratory and circulatory collapse, requiring immediate action.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is providing teaching to a client who has a new diagnosis of type 2 diabetes mellitus. The nurse should recognize that the client understands the teaching when he identifies which of the following as manifestations of hypoglycemia? (Select all that apply.)
Correct Answer: B,C,E
Rationale: Tachycardia, blurred vision, and moist, clammy skin are all manifestations of hypoglycemia. Polyuria and polydipsia are symptoms of hyperglycemia, not hypoglycemia.
Question 3 of 5
A patient who is scheduled for gastric bypass surgery asks for information about dumping syndrome. How does the nurse explain dumping syndrome?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Dumping syndrome occurs when food moves too quickly from the stomach into the small intestine, causing a sudden release of insulin and other gastrointestinal symptoms, such as nausea, diarrhea, and dizziness.
Question 4 of 5
Which side effect of radiation therapy will the nurse anticipate in a patient who has laryngeal cancer?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Dry mouth (xerostomia) is a common side effect of radiation therapy for laryngeal cancer, as the salivary glands may be affected by the radiation. This results in reduced saliva production, leading to a dry mouth.
Question 5 of 5
Which condition may be observed due to incorrect fluid replacement with hypotonic fluids in patients with diabetic ketoacidosis?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Cerebral edema is the most dangerous complication associated with the administration of hypotonic fluids in patients with diabetic ketoacidosis (DK
A). This occurs because hypotonic fluids cause rapid shifts in fluid and electrolytes, which can lead to swelling of the brain, especially in children. The risk is heightened if fluids are replaced too quickly.