ATI RN
ATI n269 Med Surg Exam Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A patient who is scheduled for gastric bypass surgery asks for information about dumping syndrome. How does the nurse explain dumping syndrome?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Dumping syndrome occurs when food moves too quickly from the stomach into the small intestine, causing a sudden release of insulin and other gastrointestinal symptoms, such as nausea, diarrhea, and dizziness.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse in the emergency department is assessing an older adult client who has community-acquired pneumonia. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Confusion is a common sign of pneumonia in older adults, especially in the elderly, who may present with altered mental status due to hypoxia, infection, or dehydration. Delirium or confusion is a common manifestation of pneumonia in this population.
Question 3 of 5
Which of the following assessment findings indicates an emergency and the need for immediate action on the part of the nurse?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Tracheal deviation is a medical emergency and typically indicates tension pneumothorax, where air accumulates in the pleural space, shifting the trachea away from the affected side. This can compress the heart and lungs, leading to respiratory and circulatory collapse, requiring immediate action.
Question 4 of 5
Which safety measure is most important for the nurse to institute for a patient who has Cushing Syndrome?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Assisting the patient to change positions slowly is the most important safety measure for a patient with Cushing's syndrome. Patients with Cushing's syndrome often have osteoporosis and a risk of fractures due to prolonged exposure to high cortisol levels, which can lead to weakened bones. Orthostatic hypotension may also occur, so changing positions slowly can prevent falls.
Question 5 of 5
Which education about health promotion would the nurse include regarding head and neck cancer?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Exercising safe sex practices, especially in regard to human papillomavirus (HPV), is important because HPV is a known risk factor for head and neck cancers, particularly oropharyngeal cancers. Safe sex practices, including the use of barriers like condoms, can reduce the risk of HPV infection.