ATI RN
ATI n269 Med Surg Exam Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
Which action would the nurse take first for a patient with a tracheostomy who appears anxious and is having difficulty in coughing up thick respiratory secretion?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Suctioning the tracheostomy is the priority action in this situation. When a patient with a tracheostomy has difficulty clearing thick secretions, suctioning is the most effective way to relieve the obstruction and improve airflow, thereby addressing the immediate respiratory distress.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is caring for an adolescent client who has a long history of diabetes mellitus and is being admitted to the emergency department confused, flushed, and with an acetone odor on the breath. Diabetic ketoacidosis is suspected. The nurse should anticipate using which of the following types of insulin to treat this client?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Regular insulin is the preferred choice for treating diabetic ketoacidosis. It is a short-acting insulin that can rapidly reduce blood glucose levels and is used intravenously for immediate intervention in DKA.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is providing teaching to a client who has asthma and a new prescription for inhaled beclomethasone. Which of the following instructions should the nurse provide?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Rinsing the mouth after using inhaled corticosteroids like beclomethasone is important to prevent the development of oral thrush (a fungal infection) and reduce the risk of other side effects, such as hoarseness.
Question 4 of 5
The nurse assists a patient into which position in preparation for a diagnostic thoracentesis?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The optimal position for a thoracentesis is sitting upright with the patient leaning forward slightly, with elbows resting on an over-bed table to help expose the pleural space for access. This position allows gravity to pull the lungs downward and facilitates easier access to the pleural cavity.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is assessing a client who is admitted for elective surgery and has a history of Addison's disease. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Hyperpigmentation is a characteristic sign of Addison's disease. Due to insufficient cortisol production in the adrenal glands, there is an increase in melanocyte-stimulating hormone (MSH), which leads to darkening of the skin, particularly in areas exposed to friction like elbows, knees, and the face.