ATI RN
ATI n269 Med Surg Exam Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
Which condition may be observed due to incorrect fluid replacement with hypotonic fluids in patients with diabetic ketoacidosis?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Cerebral edema is the most dangerous complication associated with the administration of hypotonic fluids in patients with diabetic ketoacidosis (DK
A). This occurs because hypotonic fluids cause rapid shifts in fluid and electrolytes, which can lead to swelling of the brain, especially in children. The risk is heightened if fluids are replaced too quickly.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who has asthma and allergies. The client asks the nurse about environmental influences they should avoid. The nurse should inform the client to avoid which of the following?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Mold is a common environmental allergen and asthma trigger. It can exacerbate asthma symptoms and lead to allergic reactions, so it is important for clients with asthma to avoid mold exposure.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is reviewing the arterial blood gas (ABG) results of a client who the provider suspects has metabolic acidosis. Which of the following results should the nurse expect to see?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: In metabolic acidosis, the pH is expected to be below 7.35 because metabolic acidosis indicates an accumulation of acid or loss of bicarbonate, which lowers the blood pH.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who has Cushing's syndrome. The nurse should recognize that which of the following are manifestations of Cushing's syndrome? (Select all that apply.)
Correct Answer: A,C,D,E
Rationale: Purple striations, hypertension, buffalo hump, and moon face are all manifestations of Cushing's syndrome caused by excessive cortisol levels.
Question 5 of 5
Which response is best when a patient refuses a stool softener after pituitary surgery?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: It is important you do not strain during bowel movements because this could result in increased pressure on your surgical site.: This is the correct response. Straining during bowel movements can increase ICP, which could potentially compromise healing or lead to complications after pituitary surgery.