ATI RN
ATI n269 Med Surg Exam Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
In reviewing admission orders for a patient admitted with SIADH, the nurse should question which order?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: In SIADH (Syndrome of Inappropriate Antidiuretic Hormone Secretion), the body retains excessive water, leading to dilutional hyponatremia (low sodium levels). Administering hypertonic saline (3% NS) can exacerbate the condition by rapidly increasing sodium levels, which may cause demyelination of neurons (a condition called osmotic demyelination syndrome). Hypertonic saline is typically only used in severe hyponatremia with neurologic symptoms and should be carefully monitored.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who has Cushing's syndrome. The nurse should recognize that which of the following are manifestations of Cushing's syndrome? (Select all that apply.)
Correct Answer: A,C,D,E
Rationale: Purple striations, hypertension, buffalo hump, and moon face are all manifestations of Cushing's syndrome caused by excessive cortisol levels.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who has pneumonia. Which of the following actions should the nurse take to promote thinning of respiratory secretions?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Increasing fluid intake helps thin respiratory secretions by providing hydration, which makes mucus easier to clear from the respiratory tract.
Question 4 of 5
For staging of head and neck cancer, which letter indicates whether cancer has spread to another part of the body?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The letter 'M' in cancer staging refers to metastasis, or whether cancer has spread to other parts of the body.
Question 5 of 5
Which serum electrolyte value alerts the nurse to the possibility of hyperaldosteronism?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Hyperaldosteronism causes sodium retention and potassium excretion, leading to elevated serum sodium levels and low potassium levels. A serum potassium level of 2.5 mmol/L is indicative of hypokalemia, which is a classic finding in hyperaldosteronism.