ATI RN
ATI Nur 175 Med Surg Exam Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
Which action is the priority when providing care to a patient in the preoperative period?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The checklist ensures all critical preoperative steps are completed.
Question 2 of 5
The nurse is providing care to a patient in the post anesthesia care unit (PACU) who lost a large amount of blood during a surgical procedure. Which assessment finding correlates to this postoperative complication?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Tachycardia compensates for hypovolemia from blood loss.
Question 3 of 5
The nurse is working in the emergency department and is receiving multiple clients from a mass casualty incident. The client arrives by ambulance and is awake, alert, and oriented, complaining of severe abdominal pain with nausea and vomiting. The client's respiratory rate is 20 and has a good radial pulse with normal capillary refill. How would you triage this client using the START triage?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The red category in the START triage system is assigned to clients who require immediate life-saving intervention. Although this client is in pain and has severe symptoms, their respiratory rate, pulse, and capillary refill are normal, indicating that they do not need immediate life-saving intervention. The yellow category is designated for clients whose condition is stable but requires observation. This client is awake, alert, and oriented, with a normal respiratory rate, good radial pulse, and normal capillary refill. While they have severe abdominal pain and nausea, their condition does not appear to be life-threatening, making yellow the appropriate triage level. The black category is used for clients who are deceased or have injuries so severe that they are not expected to survive even with immediate medical intervention. This client is stable and responsive, so they do not fall into this category. The green category is for clients with minor injuries who can walk and do not require urgent medical attention. Since this client has severe symptoms and needs medical attention, the green category is not appropriate.
Question 4 of 5
The nurse is caring for an adult client who is scheduled for surgery. The client is competent and neurologically intact. Who would be responsible for signing the informed consent?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The person granted power of attorney for healthcare would be responsible for signing the informed consent only if the client is unable to make decisions for themselves due to incompetence or incapacity. Since the client in this scenario is competent and neurologically intact, the power of attorney is not applicable. The client's emergency contact is not authorized to sign informed consent unless they hold legal power of attorney or the client is incapacitated and unable to make decisions. The emergency contact's primary role is to be contacted in emergency situations, not to make medical decisions on behalf of the client. The legal next of kin would only be responsible for signing the informed consent if the client is not capable of doing so themselves. In this case, the client is competent and neurologically intact, so the next of kin's consent is not needed. The client is responsible for signing the informed consent because they are competent and capable of making their own medical decisions. Informed consent must be obtained from the client directly when they have the capacity to understand and agree to the proposed treatment or procedure.
Question 5 of 5
The nurse is assessing a newly admitted client who appears upset and agitated. What would be the best action for the nurse to best assist this client?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Arranging for the client to remain on bedrest may not address the underlying reasons for the client's upset and agitation. While physical rest can be beneficial, it is more important to address the client's emotional and psychological needs through communication and support. Telling the client to remain calm can be perceived as dismissive and may not effectively alleviate their distress. It is important for the nurse to acknowledge the client's feelings and provide a supportive environment for them to express themselves. Encouraging the client to share their feelings is the best action to assist the client. By providing a supportive and empathetic environment, the nurse can help the client express their emotions, identify the cause of their distress, and work together to find appropriate solutions. This approach promotes therapeutic communication and can lead to a more accurate assessment and effective care plan. Giving the client time to rest and returning later for the assessment may delay addressing the client's immediate emotional needs. It is important for the nurse to engage with the client promptly to understand their concerns and provide support.