ATI RN
ATI Nur 221 Med Surg Final Exam Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
The nurse is caring for a client who underwent a colon resection yesterday due to having a bowel obstruction. ABGs show metabolic alkalosis. The nurse expects this finding is because of:
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Nasogastric suction removes gastric acid, causing metabolic alkalosis. Panic attacks cause respiratory alkalosis, ESRD causes acidosis, and epidurals don't affect acid-base.
Question 2 of 5
Which of the following medications are going to dilate the coronary arteries and redirect blood flow so that ischemic tissue is oxygenated?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Nitroglycerin dilates coronary arteries, increasing blood flow to ischemic myocardium. Salmeterol is a bronchodilator, aspirin prevents clotting, and digoxin enhances contractility, none dilating coronary vessels.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is providing discharge teaching to a client who has peripheral arterial disease (PAD). Which of the following instructions should the nurse include in the teaching?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Warm environments improve blood flow in PAD. Leg elevation worsens arterial flow, heating pads risk burns, and antiembolic stockings compress arteries.
Question 4 of 5
The nurse is educating a client on foods to avoid when taking iodine supplements in a client with Graves' disease. Which of the following would be included in this teaching plan? (Select all that apply)
Correct Answer: A,B,C
Rationale: Goitrogens in Brussel sprouts , cabbage , and broccoli inhibit thyroid hormone production, aiding Graves' management. Fish is iodine-rich, worsening hyperthyroidism, and peaches are neutral.
Question 5 of 5
The nurse is educating a client on hyperparathyroidism. Which of the following statements would require further teaching?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Fluid restriction (1,000 mL) worsens hypercalcemia; increased fluids dilute calcium. Fiber , furosemide , and parathyroidectomy are correct.