ATI RN
ATI N 1201222 Med Surg Final Exam Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
The patient has just been started on enteral feeding and has developed diarrhea after being on the feeding for 2 hours. What does the nurse suspect is the most likely cause of the diarrhea?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Formula intolerance causes immediate diarrhea in new enteral feeding. C. difficile, antibiotics, and contamination typically have delayed onset.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who has been taking phenytoin (Dilantin). The nurse understands that which of the following is a long-term adverse effect of this medication?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Phenytoin commonly causes gingival hyperplasia long-term, requiring dental care. It doesn't typically cause hypertension, tachycardia, or hair loss.
Question 3 of 5
A client who has a history of myocardial infarction (MI) is prescribed aspirin 325 mg. The nurse recognizes that the aspirin is given due to which of the following actions of the medication?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Aspirin's antiplatelet effect prevents clot formation post-MI. Analgesic, antipyretic, and anti-inflammatory effects are secondary.
Question 4 of 5
A client is prescribed a thiazide diuretic. Which condition would be a contraindication for this medication?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Hypokalemia is a contraindication as thiazides cause potassium loss, worsening the condition. Gout and hypernatremia may require monitoring, but hypercalciuria benefits from thiazides.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is giving a presentation about preventing deep-vein thrombosis (DVT). Which of the following should the nurse include as a risk factor for this disorder? (Select all that apply.)
Correct Answer: C,D
Rationale: Immobility and oral contraceptives increase DVT risk by promoting clotting. Calcium, hypertension, and normal BMI are less significant.