ATI RN
ATI Nur 221 Med Surg Exam Cardiac Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
The nurse is caring for a client status/post a Myocardial Infarction who is questioning procedures utilized for treatment. Which of the following statements correctly explains a Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting (CABG)?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: CABG involves using a healthy artery or vein to bypass the blocked portion of a coronary artery, restoring blood flow. Balloon inflation, clot-dissolving medication, and dye injection describe other procedures (angioplasty, thrombolytics, angiogram).
Question 2 of 5
The nurse is assessing the client diagnosed with COPD. Which of the following would require immediate attention by the nurse?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Oxygen flowmeter set on 8 LPM is correct. High-flow oxygen can suppress the hypoxic drive in COPD clients, leading to respiratory depression. The nurse should immediately lower the oxygen to a safer level (typically 1-3 LPM) and monitor the client's respiratory status. Use of accessory muscles, thick white sputum, and barrel chest with clubbing are common in COPD but do not require immediate intervention compared to high oxygen flow.
Question 3 of 5
A client with a history of heart failure on daily weights has a 2-pound weight gain and pitting edema in bilateral lower extremities. Which action should the nurse take next?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Performing a head-to-toe assessment, including vital signs, is correct. A 2-pound weight gain and edema suggest fluid retention, requiring assessment for worsening heart failure symptoms like crackles or respiratory distress. Encouraging fluid intake, monitoring without action, or checking code status are not immediate priorities.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is assessing a client who has right-sided heart failure. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Hepatomegaly is correct. Right-sided heart failure leads to systemic venous congestion, which can cause liver enlargement (hepatomegaly), ascites, and peripheral edema. Dizziness is more commonly associated with left-sided heart failure due to decreased cardiac output. Crackles in the lungs and dry hacking cough are symptoms of left-sided heart failure due to pulmonary congestion.
Question 5 of 5
The nurse is providing care to a client with a suspected pulmonary embolism. Which of the following is not a manifestation of a pulmonary embolism?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Facial weakness is not a typical sign of pulmonary embolism. Hemoptysis, tachycardia, and even petechiae (in rare cases like fat embolism) can be associated, but facial weakness is more indicative of stroke or Bell's palsy.