ATI RN
ATI Nur 221 Med Surg Exam Cardiac Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is planning care for a client who has quadriplegia. Which of the following actions should the nurse take to prevent a pulmonary embolism (PE)? (Select all that apply.)
Correct Answer: B,C,D
Rationale: Applying elastic compression stockings (
B), performing passive range of motion exercises (
C), and assessing legs for redness (
D) are correct. These actions promote venous return, prevent stasis, and allow early detection of DVT, reducing PE risk. Massaging calves (
A) can dislodge clots, and pillows under knees (E) impair circulation, increasing clot risk.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is collecting a medication history from a client who is scheduled to have a cardiac catheterization. Which of the following medications taken by the client interacts with contrast material and places the client at risk for acute kidney injury?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Metformin is correct. The combination of iodinated contrast dye and metformin increases the risk of contrast-induced nephropathy and lactic acidosis, especially in clients with kidney dysfunction. Nitroglycerin, atorvastatin, and carvedilol do not interact significantly with contrast dye.
Question 3 of 5
Why are small, frequent meals recommended for patients with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD)?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Small, frequent meals reduce abdominal distention and diaphragm pressure, preventing dyspnea. Caloric intake, social interaction, and balanced diet are secondary considerations.
Extract:
Nurses Notes
Client presents to the ED with substernal chest pain that comes and goes. The client states that the pain has been occurring for the last 8 hr. The pain, at times radiates down the left arm. Client also reports intermittent nausea
Client appears pale and slightly diaphoretic. Client rates current pain as 7 on a scale of 0 to 10
Question 4 of 5
Client presents to the ED with substernal chest pain that comes and goes. The client states that the pain has been occurring for the last 8 hr. The pain, at times radiates down the left arm. Client also reports intermittent nausea Client appears pale and slightly diaphoretic. Client rates current pain as 7 on a scale of 0 to 10. A nurse is caring for a client in the emergency department (ED). The nurse is planning care for the client. For each potential prescription. indicate whether it is indicated, nonessential, or contraindicated.
| Options | Non- Anticipated | Essential | Contraindicated |
|---|---|---|---|
| Obtain intravenous (IV) access | |||
| Obtain the client's family history | |||
| Apply continuous ECG monitoring | |||
| Administer Oâ‚‚ to maintain oxygen saturation greater than 90% |
Correct Answer: A,C,D
Rationale: Obtain intravenous (IV) access (
A), apply continuous ECG monitoring (
C), and administer Oâ‚‚ if saturation is below 90% (
D) are indicated for suspected MI. Obtaining family history (
B) is nonessential in the acute phase.
Extract:
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is providing discharge teaching to a client who has a new diagnosis of heart failure. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include in the teaching?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Exercising at least three times per week is correct. Regular physical activity improves cardiovascular function within safe limits. Notifying for a 1-lb weight gain weekly is too sensitive, naproxen can worsen heart failure, and diuretics before bedtime cause nocturia.