ATI RN
ATI n200 Med Surg Exam Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
The nurse caring for a patient who has severe osteoporosis. On inspection, the patient has severe kyphosis of the upper back. Which nursing problem takes priority for this patient's care?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Severe kyphosis and osteoporosis increase the risk of falls, which can lead to fractures, making fall prevention the highest priority. While important, education is not the immediate priority compared to preventing falls. Skin breakdown is a concern but is not as critical as the immediate risk of injury from falls. Limited mobility is a concern but secondary to the risk of falls.
Question 2 of 5
The nurse receives an order to administer drug R 300 mg IVPB over one hour. Drug R is available as 300 mg in 100 mL NSS. The drip factor of the piggyback tubing is 15 gtts/mL. At what rate should the nurse regulate the IV flow?
Correct Answer: 25 gtts/min.
Rationale: Flow rate: (100 mL × 15 gtts/mL) ÷ 60 min = 25 gtts/min (
A).
Question 3 of 5
The patient is post-op day 1 of a right total hip replacement. What precautions are necessary to prevent complications? (SELECT ALL THAT APPLY)
Correct Answer: A,B,D,E
Rationale: An adductor pillow helps maintain proper alignment and prevents the hip from crossing the midline (adduction). Limiting hip flexion to 90 degrees prevents dislocation by avoiding positions that could stress the hip joint. A fracture pan is not a necessary precaution for a total hip replacement; it is more relevant for clients with fractures. Adduction should be avoided to prevent the hip from dislocating. Internal rotation can cause the hip to dislocate, so it should be avoided.
Question 4 of 5
The nurse is caring for a client newly diagnosed with Clostridium difficile. This client should be placed on which type of precautions?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Neutropenic precautions are for immunocompromised clients to prevent infections. Airborne precautions are for pathogens spread through the air. Contact precautions prevent the spread of infections through direct or indirect contact. Droplet precautions are for pathogens spread through large droplets.
Question 5 of 5
A client describes low back pain that radiates down one leg. Which factors that aggravate the pain increase the likelihood that this client has a herniated disc? (SELECT ALL THAT APPLY)
Correct Answer: B,C,D
Rationale: Dancing, although it can involve movement and stress on the body, is not as directly associated with aggravating a herniated disc compared to the other listed factors. Sneezing and coughing can increase intra-abdominal pressure and aggravate a herniated disc by putting more stress on the affected area of the spine. Lifting a heavy box from a high position requires bending and twisting, which can exacerbate a herniated disc. Prolonged standing or sitting can increase pressure on the spine, especially in the lower back, and aggravate symptoms of a herniated disc. Lying down generally relieves pressure on the spine and is less likely to aggravate a herniated disc.