ATI RN
ATI Med Surg Exam 10 Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
George Kent is a 54-year-old widower with a history of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and was rushed to the emergency department with increasing shortness of breath, pyrexia, and a productive cough with yellow-green sputum. He has difficulty communicating because of his inability to complete a sentence. Upon examination, crackles and wheezes can be heard in the lower lobes; he has tachycardia and a bounding pulse. Measurement of arterial blood gas shows pH 7.3, PaCO2 68 mm Hg, HCO3 28 mmol/L and PaO2 60 mm Hg. How would you interpret this?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The low pH (acidosis) and high PaCO2 indicate respiratory acidosis. The increased HCO3 suggests a renal compensatory mechanism attempting to normalize the pH.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is reviewing the laboratory values of a client who has respiratory acidosis. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: PaCO2 (partial pressure of carbon dioxide) would be elevated in respiratory acidosis because of inadequate ventilation leading to CO2 retention.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is reviewing the arterial blood gas results for a client in the ICU who has kidney failure and determines the client has respiratory acidosis. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Respiratory acidosis can lead to electrolyte imbalances, particularly hyperkalemia, which can manifest as widened QRS complexes on an electrocardiogram (ECG).
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is talking to a client who is taking a calcium supplement for osteoporosis. The client tells the nurse she is experiencing flank pain. Which of the following adverse effects should the nurse suspect?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Flank pain can be a symptom of kidney stones, which can occur due to excessive calcium supplementation.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who has diabetes insipidus and is receiving vasopressin. The nurse should identify which of the following findings as an indication that the medication is effective?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Vasopressin, also known as antidiuretic hormone (ADH), acts on the kidneys to decrease urine output, making this the expected outcome of therapy.