ATI RN
ATI Med Surg Nursing 300 Final Exam Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A young adult is brought to the Emergency Department (ED) after a motor vehicle accident (MVA). The patient has severe right chest pain where there was impact with the steering wheel. Which is the priority patient goal?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Chest trauma may cause pneumothorax or hemothorax, impairing oxygenation. Maintaining adequate oxygenation is the priority to prevent hypoxia, before addressing anxiety, circulation, or pain.
Question 2 of 5
In providing care to a patient who sustained left sided 10th through 12th rib fractures, the nurse notes Kehr's Cullen's and Gray Turner's signs during assessment. Which abdominal organ is most likely to be affected by this trauma?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Kehr's (left shoulder pain), Cullen's (periumbilical bruising), and Gray Turner's (flank bruising) signs indicate splenic injury, common with left-sided rib fractures.
Question 3 of 5
The nurse is caring for a client with infectious endocarditis. Which information obtained from the health history could have contributed to the development of the disease progress?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Intravenous substance use is a major risk factor for infectious endocarditis due to the introduction of bacteria into the bloodstream via non-sterile needles, leading to valve infection.
Question 4 of 5
A 45-year-old patient presents to the trauma unit after a gunshot wound (GSW) to the abdomen. The patient has a temperature of 92 degrees Fahrenheit, is restless and confused, and has large amount of blood noted from the nasogastric (NG) tube as well as from the indwelling urinary catheter. Which additional assessment finding likely causes death within the first 24 hours following this injury?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: A pH of 7.21 indicates severe acidosis, likely from hypoperfusion and shock due to massive blood loss, a leading cause of death in abdominal trauma. Tachycardia is compensatory, hyperkalemia is concerning but less immediate, and platelets are normal.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is assessing a client who has mitral valve stenosis Which of the following findings should the nurse except?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Mitral valve stenosis causes a diastolic heart murmur due to turbulent blood flow from the left atrium to the ventricle. Clubbing is linked to hypoxia, barrel chest to COPD, and bradycardia is not typical.