ATI RN
ATI Med Surg Nursing 300 Final Exam Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
The nurse is caring for a client with a history of heart failure who is receiving a unit of packed red blood cells (PRBCs). The client's blood pressure is 110/68 mmHg, and the pulse is 90 beats/min. One hour after the transfusion was initiated, the client reports shortness of breath and back pain. Which action should the nurse take first?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Shortness of breath and back pain during transfusion suggest a hemolytic reaction. Stopping the transfusion and starting saline prevents further reaction, taking priority over other actions.
Question 2 of 5
A patient presents to the Emergency Department (ED) reporting right facial weakness. The nurse understands that a patient suffering from Bell's Palsy will exhibit which assessment findings related to the cranial nerve involvement?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Bell's Palsy causes unilateral facial weakness, including the forehead, due to facial nerve (CN VII) dysfunction, distinguishing it from stroke.
Question 3 of 5
The client diagnosed with Parkinson's Disease (PD) is being admitted with a fever and patchy infiltrates in the lung fields on the chest x-ray. Which clinical manifestations of PD would explain this assessment data?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Difficulty swallowing (dysphagia) in PD increases aspiration risk, leading to pneumonia with fever and lung infiltrates. Other PD symptoms like mask-like face, bradykinesia, or tremors do not directly cause pneumonia.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is assessing a client who has mitral valve stenosis Which of the following findings should the nurse except?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Mitral valve stenosis causes a diastolic heart murmur due to turbulent blood flow from the left atrium to the ventricle. Clubbing is linked to hypoxia, barrel chest to COPD, and bradycardia is not typical.
Question 5 of 5
The nurse is caring for client who is diagnosed with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. Which medical Intervention should the nurse anticipate for the complications of dysrhythmias?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: A cardioverter-defibrillator is used to manage life-threatening ventricular arrhythmias in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. Nitrates worsen obstruction, transplantation is for end-stage failure, and stents treat coronary artery disease.