ATI RN
ATI n269 Med Surg Exam Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A staff nurse is teaching a client who has Addison's disease about the disease process. The client asks the nurse what causes Addison's disease. Which of the following responses should the nurse make?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: It is caused by the lack of production of aldosterone by the adrenal gland.: This is correct. Addison's disease, also known as primary adrenal insufficiency, is caused by the inability of the adrenal glands to produce sufficient aldosterone and cortisol, two critical hormones.
Question 2 of 5
A patient with asthma is admitted with severe dyspnea and is unable to speak. The nurse finds that the patient looks drowsy and confused. Which other finding would the nurse expect?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Deteriorating arterial blood gas (ABG) results, with low oxygen levels (hypoxemia) and elevated carbon dioxide levels (hypercapnia), would be expected in a patient with severe asthma exacerbation. These signs indicate respiratory failure and the need for urgent intervention.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is caring for an adolescent client who has a long history of diabetes mellitus and is being admitted to the emergency department confused, flushed, and with an acetone odor on the breath. Diabetic ketoacidosis is suspected. The nurse should anticipate using which of the following types of insulin to treat this client?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Regular insulin is the preferred choice for treating diabetic ketoacidosis. It is a short-acting insulin that can rapidly reduce blood glucose levels and is used intravenously for immediate intervention in DKA.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is providing teaching to a client who has a new diagnosis of type 2 diabetes mellitus. The nurse should recognize that the client understands the teaching when he identifies which of the following as manifestations of hypoglycemia? (Select all that apply.)
Correct Answer: B,C,E
Rationale: Tachycardia, blurred vision, and moist, clammy skin are all manifestations of hypoglycemia. Polyuria and polydipsia are symptoms of hyperglycemia, not hypoglycemia.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who has asthma and allergies. The client asks the nurse about environmental influences they should avoid. The nurse should inform the client to avoid which of the following?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Mold is a common environmental allergen and asthma trigger. It can exacerbate asthma symptoms and lead to allergic reactions, so it is important for clients with asthma to avoid mold exposure.