ATI RN
ATI n269 Med Surg Exam Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
The nurse is caring for a patient with obesity who is being considered for bariatric surgery. Which do the criteria guidelines for bariatric surgery include?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: A BMI of 40 kg/m² or more is the standard criteria for bariatric surgery, particularly when other treatments (such as diet, exercise, and medication) have failed, or when obesity-related health issues are present.
Question 2 of 5
Which side effect of radiation therapy will the nurse anticipate in a patient who has laryngeal cancer?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Dry mouth (xerostomia) is a common side effect of radiation therapy for laryngeal cancer, as the salivary glands may be affected by the radiation. This results in reduced saliva production, leading to a dry mouth.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who is experiencing anaphylactic shock in response to the administration of penicillin. Which of the following medications should the nurse administer first?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Epinephrine is the first-line treatment for anaphylactic shock. It works by rapidly reversing the effects of anaphylaxis, such as bronchoconstriction, vasodilation, and edema, by stimulating alpha and beta receptors. Epinephrine should be administered as soon as anaphylaxis is suspected to stabilize the patient's condition.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who has asthma and allergies. The client asks the nurse about environmental influences they should avoid. The nurse should inform the client to avoid which of the following?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Mold is a common environmental allergen and asthma trigger. It can exacerbate asthma symptoms and lead to allergic reactions, so it is important for clients with asthma to avoid mold exposure.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who has streptococcal pneumonia and a prescription for penicillin G by intermittent IV bolus. 10 minutes into the infusion of the third dose, the client reports that the IV site itches and that he feels dizzy and short of breath. Which of the following actions should the nurse take first?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The client is likely experiencing an allergic reaction to penicillin, such as anaphylaxis, which can cause symptoms like itching, dizziness, and difficulty breathing. The first step is to stop the infusion immediately to prevent further exposure to the allergen.