ATI RN
ATI RN Pediatric Nursing 2023 Exam 3 Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A nurse on a pediatric unit is caring for four children. The nurse should use droplet precautions for which of the following children?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: a toddler who has seasonal influenza. Droplet precautions are used for illnesses transmitted through respiratory secretions, such as influenza. Seasonal influenza is a contagious respiratory illness spread through droplets when an infected person coughs or sneezes. This precaution includes wearing a mask within close proximity to the child to prevent the spread of the virus.
Incorrect choices:
A: Pediculosis capitis (head lice) is spread through direct head-to-head contact, not respiratory secretions.
B: Viral conjunctivitis is an eye infection spread through direct contact with discharge from the eye, not respiratory droplets.
D: Hepatitis A is primarily spread through the fecal-oral route, not respiratory secretions.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is assessing a school-age child who is receiving prednisolone. For which of the following adverse effects should the nurse monitor?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Prolonged wound healing. Prednisolone is a corticosteroid that can suppress the immune system, leading to delayed wound healing. The nurse should monitor for this adverse effect by observing for slow or ineffective healing of any wounds the child may have. Stevens-Johnson syndrome (
A) is a severe skin reaction but is not a common side effect of prednisolone. Hypotension (
C) is not typically associated with prednisolone use. Renal failure (
D) is a potential adverse effect of long-term corticosteroid use but is less common compared to prolonged wound healing.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is providing teaching to the parent of a 10-month-old infant who is having difficulty eating. The parent is feeding their infant goat milk. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Offer commercially prepared formula. At 10 months, infants should be transitioning to solid foods and receiving appropriate nutrition from formula or breast milk. Goat milk does not provide adequate nutrients for infants. Warming the goat's milk (choice
A) does not address the nutritional deficiency. Switching to soy milk (choice
B) may not be suitable due to potential allergies. Reinitiating breast feeding (choice
D) may not be feasible or preferred by the parent. Commercially prepared formula (choice
C) is specifically designed to meet the nutritional needs of infants and is the most appropriate choice in this scenario.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is assessing a school-age child who is receiving morphine. For which of the following adverse effects should the nurse monitor?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Bradypnea. Morphine is an opioid that can cause respiratory depression, leading to bradypnea (slow breathing). Monitoring the child's respiratory rate is crucial to detect any signs of respiratory distress. Stevens-Johnson syndrome (
A) is a severe skin reaction, not typically associated with morphine. Hypertension (
B) is not a common adverse effect of morphine; in fact, it can cause hypotension. Prolonged wound healing (
C) is not a known adverse effect of morphine. Monitoring for bradypnea will ensure timely intervention if the child experiences respiratory depression.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is planning postoperative care for an adolescent following scoliosis repair with spinal instrumentation. Which of the following actions should the nurse include in the plan of care?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Ensure two nurses logroll the adolescent every 2 hr. This is essential postoperative care for a patient with spinal instrumentation to prevent injury to the surgical site and reduce the risk of complications such as pressure ulcers and venous thromboembolism. Logrolling helps maintain spinal alignment and stability.
A: Offering sips of water 4 hr following surgery is not recommended as the patient may still be recovering from anesthesia and at risk of aspiration.
B: Assisting the adolescent to ambulate 12 hr following surgery may be too soon, as the patient may still be weak and in pain.
C: Maintaining the head of the bed at a 30° angle is a general guideline for postoperative patients but is not specific to spinal surgery.
Therefore, the correct choice is D as it directly addresses the specific needs of a patient following scoliosis repair with spinal instrumentation.