ATI RN
ATI RN Pediatric Nursing 2023 Exam 3 Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is obtaining informed consent for an adolescent who is scheduled for a cardiac catheterization. The adolescent's guardian states, 'I don't understand why they need to do this procedure.' Which of the following actions should the nurse take?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: A. Requesting assistance from the anesthesiologist may not directly address the guardian's misunderstanding about the procedure and may not be necessary unless there are specific anesthesia-related concerns. B. While this option suggests a proactive approach by the nurse, it may not be appropriate unless the nurse is sufficiently knowledgeable about the specifics of the cardiac catheterization and has been delegated this task by the healthcare team. Typically, the primary responsibility lies with the healthcare provider performing the procedure. C. Witnessing the adolescent's signature on the informed consent form is an important step in the consent process but does not directly address the guardian's misunderstanding about the procedure. D. This action is appropriate because the provider has the knowledge and responsibility to explain why the cardiac catheterization is necessary, the benefits it offers, and any risks associated with the procedure. It ensures that the guardian receives accurate and detailed information directly from the expert who will be performing the procedure, facilitating an informed decision.
Extract:
Nurses Notes: 0915: Received the child awake, alert, and crying. Parent states that child was playing with remote control toy and when the parent the child crying, they noticed that a battery was missing from the toy. The parent states that the child was drooling more and witnessed them gagging periodically. 0930: Child is lying on parent's chest with eyes open and requesting ‘sippy cup.' Continues to have expiratory wheezing in bilateral upper lobes. Preparing child for diagnostic testing. Vital Signs: Blood pressure 88/45 mm Hg, Heart rate 90/min, Respiratory rate 30/min, Axillary temperature 36.9°C (98.4 F), Oxygen saturation 96%. 0930: Blood pressure 86/46 mmHg, Heart rate 88/min, Respiratory rate 28/min, Axillary temperature 36.9 C(98.4 F), Oxygen saturation 95%. Assessment: 0915: Child awake and sobbing, asking for ‘sippy cup' with excessive drooling and occasionally gagging. Breath sounds with small expiratory wheezing noted in bilateral upper lobes, respirations slightly elevated as child continues to cry and sob. Oxygen saturation 96% on room air. Penlight used to inspect the throat with no visual signs of foreign object in child's nose or ears upon inspection. Pupils equal, round, and reactive to light and accommodation. Abdomen soft and non-tender with active bowel sounds in all four quadrants. Skin warm, pink, and smooth. Yellow urine noted in child's diaper. Provider notified of assessment findings. Laboratory Results: 0930: x-ray of the neck, chest, and abdomen completed plane radiographic study identifies object in esophagus, No foreign objects visualized in the chest or abdomen
Question 2 of 5
Complete the following sentence by using the list of options. The nurse should first ___ followed by ___.
Correct Answer: A, E
Rationale: A. Keeping the child NPO is crucial to prevent further ingestion or aspiration of the battery, which could lead to serious complications. This is the first priority to ensure safety. B. Teaching the child's parents the importance of inspecting the child's play area is important for future prevention but is not the immediate priority in this acute situation. C. Obtaining an informed consent is not the priority in this scenario. It should be done after keeping the child NPO. D. Encouraging parents to inspect toys for easily removable parts is important for prevention but is not the immediate priority when dealing with a child who has already ingested a foreign object. E. Preparing the child for flexible endoscopy is the second action to visualize and safely remove the battery from the esophagus, following the initial step of keeping the child NPO.
Extract:
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is caring for a child who has epiglottitis due to an infection with Haemophilus influenzae type B. Which of the following actions should the nurse take? Select all that apply.
Correct Answer: C,D,E
Rationale: A. Inspecting the epiglottis is contraindicated in suspected cases of epiglottitis as it may trigger laryngospasm and compromise the airway. B. Obtaining a throat culture may be indicated to confirm the presence of Haemophilus influenzae type B but is not an immediate priority in the management of epiglottitis. C. Monitoring oxygen saturation is crucial as respiratory distress and hypoxia are common complications of epiglottitis. D. Beginning droplet precautions is important to prevent the spread of the infectious agent to others. E. Initiating IV access is necessary for administering fluids and medications, as well as for potential airway management in severe cases of epiglottitis.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is caring for a 1-year-old child who has been hospitalized. Which of the following items in the child's room is a common source of health care-associated infection?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: A. Unopened bottles of formula are not typically a source of healthcare-associated infection. B. Bedside computer keyboards can harbor various pathogens and are commonly touched by multiple individuals without thorough cleaning, making them a common source of healthcare-associated infections. C. Disposable diapers, if properly disposed of and not reused, are not typically a source of healthcare-associated infection. D. Protective plastic gowns, if used appropriately, are not typically a source of healthcare-associated infection.
Extract:
Nurses' Notes: The child's guardian states the child has been unable to sleep recently and has been very irritable. Guardian expresses concern about the child's atopic dermatitis worsening and the child scratching excessively, which results in the areas bleeding. Guardian states the child has a history of allergic rhinitis. Medication Administration Record: Diphenhydramine 10 mg PO 4 times per day, Pimecrolimus 1% cream apply to skin lesions daily. Assessment: Child is alert and responsive, Respiratory rate even and nonlabored at rate of 24/min. No adventitious sounds auscultated. Heart rate 108/min, Generalized small clusters of reddish, scaly patches with lichenifications and depigmentation on the child's bilateral upper and lower extremities.
Question 5 of 5
Which of the following statements should the nurse plan to include in the discharge instructions for the child's guardian? Select all that apply.
Correct Answer: A,B,D,F,G
Rationale: A. Cutting and filing the child's fingernails frequently can help prevent excessive scratching and further damage to the skin. B. Using a mild detergent reduces the risk of skin irritation and exacerbation of atopic dermatitis. C. Pimecrolimus cream should be applied thinly, not in a thick layer, to the affected areas to avoid potential side effects. D. Atopic dermatitis tends to have periodic flare-ups, so it's important to inform the guardian about this aspect of the condition. E. Atopic dermatitis itself is not contagious, although the child may be prone to skin infections if lesions are present. F. Applying gloves to the child's hands can prevent scratching and further skin damage. G. Emollients help to moisturize the skin and improve its barrier function, which is important in managing atopic dermatitis.