ATI RN
ATI Nur 221 Med Surg Final Exam Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A nurse on a medical-surgical unit is caring for a client who reports pain in the jaw, back, and shoulder, and shortness of breath and nausea. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: An EKG identifies cardiac ischemia in atypical pain (jaw, back) and dyspnea, guiding treatment. Oxygen helps symptoms, ibuprofen risks bleeding, and acetaminophen misses diagnosis.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who has just developed a pulmonary embolism. Which of the following medications should the nurse anticipate administering?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Heparin prevents clot growth in pulmonary embolism, stabilizing it. Dexamethasone reduces inflammation, atropine treats bradycardia, and furosemide manages fluid, not clots.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who has end-stage renal disease (ESRD) and reports having shortness of breath and swelling in his lower extremities. Upon assessment, the nurse notes the client has crackles in his lungs and an elevated blood pressure. The nurse should suspect which of the following based on the client's manifestations?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: ESRD causes hypervolemia, leading to edema, pulmonary crackles, and hypertension from fluid overload. Hypovolemia causes hypotension, hyperkalemia affects muscles, and hyponatremia causes neurological symptoms, not fluid-related signs.
Question 4 of 5
The nurse is caring for the following clients. Which client should the nurse assess first?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Coughing with esophageal varices risks rupture and bleeding, a life-threatening emergency. Creatinine elevation , pain , and itching/drowsiness are less urgent.
Question 5 of 5
Which of the following is a priority nursing intervention for a client admitted with an ischemic stroke?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Raising the head 30 degrees optimizes cerebral perfusion in ischemic stroke. Semi-Fowler's aids breathing, Trendelenburg risks pressure, and flat worsens ischemia.