ATI RN
ATI Nur 221 Med Surg Final Exam Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
The nurse is caring for a client admitted with acute diverticulitis. Which would the nurse anticipate the healthcare provider ordering for this client?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: NPO and IV fluids rest the bowel in acute diverticulitis, reducing inflammation. Albumin/furosemide is for fluid shifts, high fiber worsens acute inflammation, and barium enema risks perforation.
Question 2 of 5
The nurse is educating a client about Parkinson's disease. Which of the following statements would require further teaching?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Parkinson's results from dopamine deficiency, not acetylcholine. Soft foods , prune juice , and carbidopa-levodopa are correct management strategies.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who has end-stage renal disease (ESRD) and reports having shortness of breath and swelling in his lower extremities. Upon assessment, the nurse notes the client has crackles in his lungs and an elevated blood pressure. The nurse should suspect which of the following based on the client's manifestations?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: ESRD causes hypervolemia, leading to edema, pulmonary crackles, and hypertension from fluid overload. Hypovolemia causes hypotension, hyperkalemia affects muscles, and hyponatremia causes neurological symptoms, not fluid-related signs.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is assessing a client who has hypothyroidism. The nurse should expect which of the following findings?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Hypothyroidism slows metabolism, causing weight gain from fat accumulation and fluid retention. Diaphoresis , exophthalmos , and palpitations are hyperthyroid symptoms, not hypothyroidism.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is preparing to administer a dose of lactulose to a client who has cirrhosis. The client states, I don't need this medication. I am not constipated. The nurse should explain that in clients who have cirrhosis, lactulose is used to decrease levels of which of the following components in the bloodstream?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Lactulose traps ammonia in the gut, reducing toxic levels causing hepatic encephalopathy in cirrhosis. It doesn't lower glucose , potassium , or bicarbonate .