ATI RN
ATI Capstone Exam 1 Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is triaging clients following a mass casualty event. Which of the following clients should the nurse assess first?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B. The client with severe respiratory stridor and a deviated trachea should be assessed first as this indicates a compromised airway, which is a life-threatening emergency. Immediate intervention is crucial to prevent respiratory arrest. Clients with airway issues should always be the top priority in triage.
Other choices are incorrect because:
A: Small circular partial-thickness burn of the left calf is not immediately life-threatening and can be addressed after addressing more critical conditions.
C: Splinted open fracture of the left medial malleolus, while serious, does not present an immediate threat to the client's life compared to compromised airway.
D: Massive head injury and seizures are also serious, but in this scenario, the client with compromised airway takes precedence as airway issues can lead to rapid deterioration.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who is receiving heat applications using an aquathermia pad. Which of the following actions should the nurse take when applying the pad?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Stop the treatment if the client’s skin becomes red. This is important because redness indicates potential skin damage or burns due to excessive heat exposure. It is crucial to monitor the client's skin during heat application to prevent harm.
Choice A is incorrect because leaving the pad in place for a specific duration can lead to skin damage if the temperature is too high.
Choice B is incorrect as setting the pad's temperature too high can cause burns.
Choice C is incorrect as safety pins can cause injury or discomfort to the client.
Therefore, the correct action is to closely monitor the client's skin for any signs of redness and stop the treatment immediately if redness occurs to prevent further harm.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who has acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) and requires mechanical ventilation. The client receives a prescription for pancuronium. The nurse recognizes that this medication is for which of the following purposes?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Suppress respiratory effort. Pancuronium is a neuromuscular blocking agent that paralyzes skeletal muscles, including the muscles involved in breathing. In ARDS, the client may have difficulty breathing due to lung damage, so pancuronium can be used to facilitate mechanical ventilation by preventing respiratory muscle movement. This allows the ventilator to control the client's breathing without interference. The other choices are incorrect because pancuronium does not induce sedation (
A), affect chest wall compliance (
C), or decrease respiratory secretions (
D). It solely works to suppress respiratory effort by blocking neuromuscular transmission.
Question 4 of 5
A public health nurse is teaching a group of nurses about smallpox. Which of the following statements by one of the nurses indicates understanding of the teaching?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A because smallpox vesicles are more abundant on the face compared to chickenpox. This is a key characteristic of smallpox that differentiates it from chickenpox. Option B is incorrect because smallpox lesions all appear at the same stage. Option C is incorrect as smallpox vaccination does not provide lifelong immunity. Option D is incorrect as smallpox has been eradicated, so occurrences are not rare but non-existent.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is assessing a client who presents to the provider’s office for evaluation of multiple nevi. Which of the following findings should the nurse report to the provider as a possible sign of malignancy?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Irregular borders. Irregular borders are a classic sign of malignancy in nevi, suggesting potential melanoma. This finding indicates that the nevus may be evolving into a cancerous lesion. It is crucial for the nurse to report this to the provider promptly for further evaluation. Intense pruritus (choice
A) is common in benign nevi and not specific to malignancy. Uniform pigmentation (choice
C) is typically seen in benign nevi and is not a concerning feature. Purulent drainage (choice
D) is more indicative of infection or inflammation rather than malignancy. In summary, irregular borders are a red flag for malignancy, while the other choices are more likely associated with benign nevi or other conditions.