ATI RN
ATI Capstone Exam 1 Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A nurse working on a medical unit is completing the admission of a client who reports a severe allergy to penicillin. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Verify the client’s medication prescriptions do not include cephalosporin. This is essential because cephalosporins are antibiotics that share a similar structure to penicillin and can potentially cause an allergic reaction in individuals with a penicillin allergy. By ensuring that the client's medication prescriptions do not include cephalosporin, the nurse is taking a proactive step to prevent any adverse reactions.
Removing objects containing latex (choice
A) is not directly related to the client’s penicillin allergy. Notifying dietary services to adjust the client’s diet (choice
C) is unnecessary as the allergy is to penicillin, not food. Having the client purchase a medication alert bracelet (choice
D) is not as immediate or essential as verifying medication prescriptions.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is assessing a client who has hyperthyroidism. The nurse should expect the client to report which of the following manifestations?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Frequent mood changes. In hyperthyroidism, there is an excessive production of thyroid hormones leading to symptoms such as irritability, anxiety, and mood swings. This is due to the increased metabolic activity caused by the excess thyroid hormones. Constipation (
A) is more common in hypothyroidism. Sensitivity to cold (
B) is also seen in hypothyroidism due to decreased metabolic rate. Weight gain of 4.5 kg (10 lbs) in 3 weeks (
C) is unlikely in hyperthyroidism as it usually leads to weight loss.
Therefore, choice D is the most appropriate manifestation for hyperthyroidism.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is teaching a client who has a new prescription for pancrelipase to aid in digestion. The nurse should inform the client to expect which of the following gastrointestinal changes?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Decreased fat in stools. Pancrelipase is a pancreatic enzyme replacement therapy that helps break down fats, proteins, and carbohydrates.
Therefore, the client can expect decreased fat in stools as the enzymes aid in the digestion and absorption of fats.
Choice B, decreased watery stools, is incorrect as pancrelipase does not directly affect stool consistency.
Choices C and D are also incorrect as pancrelipase does not directly impact mucus or the color of stools. Overall, understanding the mechanism of action of pancrelipase helps to determine the correct gastrointestinal change to expect.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is preparing to administer morphine sulfate 2 mg IV bolus. Available is morphine sulfate 10 mg/mL. How many mL should the nurse administer per dose? (Round the answer to the nearest tenth. Use a leading zero if it applies. Do not use a trailing zero.)
Correct Answer: 0.2
Rationale: The correct answer is 0.2 mL.
To calculate this, divide the desired dose (2 mg) by the concentration (10 mg/mL). This gives 0.2 mL. The other choices are incorrect because:
A) 2 mL would be an overdose;
B) 0.02 mL is too small a dose;
C) 20 mL is an overdose;
D) 0.02 mL is too small a dose; E) 0.02 mL is too small a dose; F) 20 mL is an overdose; G) 2 mL would be an overdose.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is reviewing the laboratory test results from a client who has prerenal acute kidney injury (AKI). Which of the following electrolyte imbalances should the nurse expect?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Hyperkalemia. In prerenal AKI, decreased blood flow to the kidneys leads to reduced filtration and impaired excretion of potassium, resulting in hyperkalemia. Hypophosphatemia (
A), hypercalcemia (
C), and hypernatremia (
D) are not typically associated with prerenal AKI. In prerenal AKI, there is usually no significant change in phosphate levels, calcium levels are typically normal or low due to volume depletion, and sodium levels may be normal or decreased due to reduced renal perfusion.